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Chapter 4: Problem 174

Circle the correct choice to indicate how many electrons each element must gain or lose to form an octet: \(\begin{array}{llll}\text { (a) } \mathrm{Mg} & \text { gains, loses } & 1,2,3 & \text { electrons }\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{lll}\text { (b) Se gains, loses } 1,2,3 & \text { electrons }\end{array}\) (c) Al gains, loses \(1,2,3\) electrons \(\begin{array}{llll}\text { (d) Sr gains, loses } & 1,2,3 & \text { electrons }\end{array}\) (e) Br gains, loses \(1,2,3\) electrons (f) P gains, loses \(1,2,3\) electrons

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Mg loses 2 electrons (b) Se gains 2 electrons (c) Al loses 3 electrons (d) Sr loses 2 electrons (e) Br gains 1 electron (f) P gains 3 electrons

Step by step solution

01

Identify the number of valence electrons for each element

Use the periodic table to find the group number for each element, which corresponds to the number of valence electrons. (a) Mg - Group 2, so 2 valence electrons (b) Se - Group 6, so 6 valence electrons (c) Al - Group 13, so 3 valence electrons (d) Sr - Group 2, so 2 valence electrons (e) Br - Group 17, so 7 valence electrons (f) P - Group 15, so 5 valence electrons
02

Determine if the elements will gain or lose electrons to achieve an octet

Elements in groups 1 - 3 usually lose electrons to achieve an octet, while elements in groups 15 - 17 usually gain electrons to achieve an octet. (a) Mg - Loses 2 electrons (b) Se - Gains 2 electrons (c) Al - Loses 3 electrons (d) Sr - Loses 2 electrons (e) Br - Gains 1 electron (f) P - Gains 3 electrons
03

Circle the correct answers

Based on our analysis, the correct answers are: (a) Mg loses 2 electrons (b) Se gains 2 electrons (c) Al loses 3 electrons (d) Sr loses 2 electrons (e) Br gains 1 electron (f) P gains 3 electrons

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Order the following atoms from smallest to largest, judging from their relative positions in the periodic table: \(\mathrm{Cs}, \mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Ti}, \mathrm{Hf}\)

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