Chapter 4: Problem 88

In which period and group in the periodic table are these atoms found? (a) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\) (b) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\) (c) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The elements with the given electronic configurations can be found in the following periods and groups: (a) 2nd period, 15th group (b) 3rd period, 1st group (c) 4th period, 17th group

Step by step solution

(a) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\)

To determine the period, identify the highest electron shell in the configuration, which in this case is the second shell (n = 2). The atom is in the 2nd period. To find the group, count the number of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell: \(2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\) There are 2 electrons in the 2s orbital and 3 in the 2p orbital. Valence electrons: 2 + 3 = 5. The atom falls in the 15th group (as groups 13 - 18 correspond to p-block elements with 3 - 8 valence electrons)

(b) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\)

To determine the period, identify the highest electron shell in the configuration, which in this case is the third shell (n = 3). The atom is in the 3rd period. For the group, count the number of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell: \(3 s^{1}\) There is 1 electron in the 3s orbital. Valence electrons: 1. The atom falls in the 1st group (as it has 1 valence electron)

(c) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5}\)

To determine the period, identify the highest electron shell in the configuration, which in this case is the fourth shell (n = 4). The atom is in the 4th period. For the group, count the number of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell, which contains the 4s, 3d, and 4p orbitals. \( 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5}\) Valence electrons: 2 (from 4s) + 5 (from 4p) = 7. The atom falls in the 17th group (as groups 13 - 18 correspond to p-block elements with 3 - 8 valence electrons)

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In which period and group in the periodic table are these atoms found? (a) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\) (b) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\) (c) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5}\)

Short Answer

Step by step solution

(a) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\)

(b) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\)

(c) Find period and group of \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5}\)

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