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Chapter 5: Problem 128

Give the formulas of the following binary ionic compounds: (a) Calcium bromide (b) Sodium sulfide (c) Potassium nitride (d) Lithium oxide

Short Answer

Expert verified
The formulas of the given binary ionic compounds are: (a) Calcium bromide: \(CaBr_2\) (b) Sodium sulfide: \(Na_2S\) (c) Potassium nitride: \(K_3N\) (d) Lithium oxide: \(Li_2O\)

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identify the ions in Calcium bromide

Calcium is a metal with the symbol Ca and forms a cation with a +2 charge (Ca²⁺). Bromine is a non-metal with the symbol Br and forms an anion with a -1 charge (Br⁻).
02

(a) Write the formula of Calcium bromide

To obtain a neutral compound, we need two bromide ions for each calcium ion. Therefore, the formula for calcium bromide is CaBr₂.
03

(b) Identify the ions in Sodium sulfide

Sodium is a metal with the symbol Na and forms a cation with a +1 charge (Na⁺). Sulfur is a non-metal with the symbol S and forms an anion with a -2 charge (S²⁻).
04

(b) Write the formula of Sodium sulfide

To obtain a neutral compound, we need two sodium ions for each sulfide ion. Therefore, the formula for sodium sulfide is Na₂S.
05

(c) Identify the ions in Potassium nitride

Potassium is a metal with the symbol K and forms a cation with a +1 charge (K⁺). Nitrogen is a non-metal with the symbol N and forms an anion with a -3 charge (N³⁻).
06

(c) Write the formula of Potassium nitride

To obtain a neutral compound, we need three potassium ions for each nitride ion. Therefore, the formula for potassium nitride is K₃N.
07

(d) Identify the ions in Lithium oxide

Lithium is a metal with the symbol Li and forms a cation with a +1 charge (Li⁺). Oxygen is a non-metal with the symbol O and forms an anion with a -2 charge (O²⁻).
08

(d) Write the formula of Lithium oxide

To obtain a neutral compound, we need two lithium ions for each oxide ion. Therefore, the formula for lithium oxide is Li₂O

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Draw a dot diagram for \(\mathrm{BrF}_{5}\). (Hint: \(\mathrm{Br}\) is an expanded octet atom in this molecule. Don't be afraid to stick lone pairs of electrons on it if you have to.)

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