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Chapter 5: Problem 159

How many lone pairs of electrons are there on Br in \(\mathrm{BrF}_{2}^{+} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
In the \(\mathrm{BrF}_{2}^{+}\) molecule, there is 1 lone pair of electrons on the bromine atom.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the total number of valence electrons for the bromine atom

Bromine is in group 17 of the periodic table, which means it has 7 valence electrons.
02

Determine the total number of electrons shared with the fluorine atoms

In the BrF2+ molecule, bromine forms single bonds with two fluorine atoms. Each single bond involves the sharing of two electrons - one from each atom involved in the bond. Therefore, the total number of electrons shared in these bonds is 2 x 2 = 4.
03

Calculate the number of non-bonding electrons on the bromine atom

Now, we subtract the number of electrons shared in bonds from the total number of valence electrons on the bromine atom to find the number of non-bonding electrons: Number of non-bonding electrons = Total valence electrons - Electrons shared in bonds = 7 - 4 = 3 However, as the species is the cation, BrF2+, we have to consider the charge. The positive charge indicates that BrF2+ has lost one electron overall. We now adjust the number of non-bonding electrons accordingly: Number of non-bonding electrons = 3 - 1 (due to the positive charge) = 2.
04

Calculate the number of lone pairs on the bromine atom

Since each lone pair consists of two non-bonding electrons, we can divide the number of non-bonding electrons by 2 to find the number of lone pairs on the bromine atom: Number of lone pairs = Number of non-bonding electrons / 2 = 2 / 2 = 1 So, there is 1 lone pair of electrons on the bromine atom in BrF2+ molecule.

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