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Chapter 5: Problem 205

Draw a dot diagram for \(\mathrm{XeF}_{4}\). (Hint: Xe is an expanded octet atom in this molecule. Don't be afraid to stick lone pairs of electrons on it if you have to.)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The dot diagram for \(\mathrm{XeF}_{4}\) can be drawn with the central Xe atom connected to four F atoms by single bonds, three lone pairs on each F atom, and two lone pairs on the central Xe atom. The total number of valence electrons in the molecule is 36, with the Xe atom having an expanded octet configuration. The dot diagram is as follows: F | F - Xe - F | F

Step by step solution

01

Identify the valence electrons for each atom

First, let's identify the number of valence electrons for both Xenon (Xe) and Fluorine (F). Xenon is in group 18 and has 8 valence electrons. Fluorine is in group 17 and has 7 valence electrons. Keep in mind that there are four Fluorine atoms in the molecule.
02

Total number of valence electrons

Next, we need to find the total number of valence electrons in the \(\mathrm{XeF}_{4}\) molecule. Since we have one Xe atom with 8 valence electrons, and four F atoms with 7 valence electrons each, the total number of valence electrons is: \( 8 + (4 \times 7) = 8 + 28 = 36 \)
03

Place the central atom and connect the outer atoms

Xenon (Xe) is the central atom in this molecule. We will connect each of the four Fluorine atoms to the central Xenon atom with single bonds. One single bond consists of 2 electrons, so this will use up 4 × 2 = 8 valence electrons, leaving 28 electrons.
04

Distribute the remaining valence electrons

Now, we need to distribute the remaining 28 electrons among Xe and the four F atoms. First, we will complete the octet for each F atom by adding 6 more electrons (3 lone pairs) to each of them. This will use 4 × 6 = 24 valence electrons, leaving 4 electrons.
05

Place remaining electrons on central atom

Lastly, we need to place the remaining 4 electrons (2 lone pairs) on the central Xe atom. This will make the Xe atom an expanded octet atom with a total of 12 electrons around it.
06

Draw the dot diagram

The dot diagram for \(\mathrm{XeF}_{4}\) is drawn with the central Xe atom connected to four F atoms by single bonds, three lone pairs on each F atom, and two lone pairs on the central Xe atom. Here is the complete dot diagram: F | F - Xe - F | F

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