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Chapter 5: Problem 96

Draw a dot diagram for the hypothetical \(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2+}\) ion.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The dot diagram for the hypothetical \(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2+}\) ion is: Oxygen 1: O :: - : Oxygen 2: O : :: : - Where each dot and dash represent an electron. This diagram was obtained by calculating the total number of valence electrons, connecting the two oxygen atoms with a single bond, distributing the remaining electrons to complete their octets, and taking into account the 2+ charge of the ion.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the total number of valence electrons

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons as it is in group 16 of the periodic table. Since we have two oxygen atoms and a 2+ charge, we'll first calculate the total number of valence electrons present in the \(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2+}\) ion. Total valence electrons = (Valence electrons in one oxygen atom) × (Number of oxygen atoms) - (Charge of the ion) Total valence electrons = (6 × 2) - 2 = 10
02

Put two electrons in each single bond

Let's first connect the two oxygen atoms with a single bond between them. Each bond has 2 electrons, so we've used up 2 electrons so far. We still have 8 electrons to place around the oxygens.
03

Distribute the remaining electrons

Now, we'll distribute the remaining 8 electrons around the two oxygen atoms to complete their octets. We will place 3 lone pairs (6 electrons) on one oxygen atom and 1 lone pair (2 electrons) on the other oxygen atom. This will give each oxygen atom an octet of electrons (8 electrons).
04

Take into account the charge of the ion

The ion has a charge of 2+, so it means the electrons around the oxygens are helping to neutralize the remaining charge. The dot diagram should reflect this. The dot diagram for the \(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2+}\) ion would look like this: Oxygen 1: O :: - : Oxygen 2: O : :: : - Where each dot and dash represent an electron. Please note that this is a hypothetical ion and does not represent a real-world species.

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