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Chapter 6: Problem 61

Using lines, solid wedges, and dashed wedges, draw the threedimensional shape of ethane, \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\). Indicate the numeric value of all bond angles.

Short Answer

Expert verified
To draw the three-dimensional shape of ethane (\(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\)), use lines for in-plane bonds, solid wedges for bonds coming out of the plane, and dashed wedges for bonds going into the plane. Start by drawing the carbon-carbon bond, then add three hydrogen atoms around each carbon represented by a combination of lines, solid wedges, and dashed wedges. All bond angles in ethane are approximately 109.5 degrees, so label the H-C-H and C-C-C bond angles accordingly.

Step by step solution

01

Draw the carbon-carbon bond

Draw a straight line representing the single bond between the two carbon atoms in ethane.
02

Draw hydrogen atoms around the first carbon

Draw three hydrogen atoms around the first carbon atom using lines, solid wedges, and dashed wedges. The solid wedge represents a bond coming out of the plane towards the observer, and the dashed wedge represents a bond going into the plane away from the observer. The line represents a bond that lies in the plane. - Draw a line from the first carbon to a hydrogen atom (H1) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. - Draw a solid wedge from the first carbon to another hydrogen atom (H2) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. - Draw a dashed wedge from the first carbon to the third hydrogen atom (H3) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees.
03

Draw hydrogen atoms around the second carbon

Now we need to draw the three hydrogen atoms around the second carbon atom in the same way we did for the first carbon. - Draw a line from the second carbon to a hydrogen atom (H4) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. - Draw a solid wedge from the second carbon to another hydrogen atom (H5) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. - Draw a dashed wedge from the second carbon to the third hydrogen atom (H6) at an angle of approximately 109.5 degrees.
04

Indicate the bond angles

Label each bond angle in the molecule with numeric values. In ethane, the bond angles are approximately 109.5 degrees. Use these values for each bond angle, focusing on the angles between the hydrogen-carbon-hydrogen (H-C-H) and the carbon-carbon bond angle (C-C-C): - Label the H-C-H bond angles around the first carbon atom (approximately 109.5 degrees). - Label the H-C-H bond angles around the second carbon atom (approximately 109.5 degrees). - Label the C-C-C bond angle between the two carbon atoms (approximately 109.5 degrees). Now you have successfully drawn the three-dimensional shape of ethane using lines, solid wedges, and dashed wedges, and indicated the numeric values for all bond angles.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The dot diagram \(\ddot{\mathrm{Q}}=\mathrm{S}=\ddot{\mathrm{O}}\) for \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) is incorrect. (a) Draw the correct dot diagram. (b) How do the correct and incorrect dot diagrams differ in their prediction of molecular shape and polarity?

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