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Chapter 8: Problem 117

Is the reaction \(\mathrm{LiOH}+\mathrm{HCN} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{LiCN}\) a combination, decomposition, single-replacement, or double-replacement?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The given reaction \(\mathrm{LiOH}+\mathrm{HCN} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{LiCN}\) is a double-replacement reaction, as the cations and anions in the reactants exchange places to form H2O and LiCN.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the reactants and products

In the given chemical equation, the reactants are Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and the products are Water (H2O) and Lithium cyanide (LiCN).
02

Definitions of reaction types

Let's recall the definitions of the four possible reaction types: 1. Combination reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a single product. 2. Decomposition reaction: A single substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. 3. Single-replacement reaction: One element in a compound is replaced by another element. 4. Double-replacement reaction: The cations and/or anions in two compounds are exchanged.
03

Compare the given reaction with reaction types

Now, we can compare the reactants and products in the given reaction with these definitions: - It's not a combination reaction because there are two products instead of one. - It's not a decomposition reaction because there are two reactants instead of one. - It doesn't fit the single-replacement reaction because both elements in the reactants are replaced by each other. The given reaction fits the definition of a double-replacement reaction because the cations and anions in the reactants exchange places: Li from LiOH replaces H in HCN, and H from HCN replaces Li in LiOH. This results in the formation of H2O and LiCN.
04

Conclusion

Therefore, the given reaction $$\mathrm{LiOH}+\mathrm{HCN} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{LiCN}$$ is a double-replacement reaction.

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