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Chapter 8: Problem 52

You need nickel(II) hydroxide, but there is none in the lab. However, there are lots of other ionic compounds on the shelves. Propose a synthesis for nickel(II) hydroxide.

Short Answer

Expert verified
To synthesize nickel(II) hydroxide, we can perform a double displacement reaction using a soluble nickel(II) salt and a soluble hydroxide salt. Nickel(II) nitrate (\(Ni(NO_3)_2\)) can be used as the nickel(II) compound, and sodium hydroxide (\(NaOH\)) can be used as the hydroxide source. The precipitation reaction is as follows: \(Ni(NO_3)_2 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Ni(OH)_2 (s) + 2NaNO_3(aq)\). Mix aqueous solutions of nickel(II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide to form a green precipitate of nickel(II) hydroxide, which can be filtered and dried to obtain the desired product.

Step by step solution

01

Choose the Suitable Compounds

To synthesize nickel(II) hydroxide, we must choose a soluble nickel(II) compound and a soluble compound containing hydroxide ions. A common soluble nickel(II) compound is nickel(II) nitrate (\(Ni(NO_3)_2\)). For the hydroxide source, we can use sodium hydroxide (\(NaOH\)), which is a strong base that readily dissolves in water.
02

Write the Precipitation Reaction

With the chosen compounds, we can now write the double displacement (precipitation) reaction: \[Ni(NO_3)_2 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Ni(OH)_2 (s) + 2NaNO_3(aq)\] In this reaction, nickel(II) nitrate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce nickel(II) hydroxide, a green precipitate, and sodium nitrate as a byproduct.
03

Perform the Experiment

First, prepare aqueous solutions of nickel(II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide. Make sure to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, goggles) while handling chemicals. 1. Dissolve nickel(II) nitrate in water. 2. Dissolve sodium hydroxide in water.
04

Mix the Solutions

Slowly add the sodium hydroxide solution to the nickel(II) nitrate solution under continuous stirring. A green precipitate of nickel(II) hydroxide will form.
05

Isolate and Dry the Nickel(II) Hydroxide

Once the reaction is complete and no more precipitate forms, filter the mixture through a gravity filtration setup (e.g., Büchner funnel) or use a centrifuge to separate the nickel(II) hydroxide from the sodium nitrate solution. After separating the green solid, let it air-dry for several hours or dry it in an oven to remove any residual water. The resulting green solid is pure nickel(II) hydroxide, which can be further used for other experiments or purposes.

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