Synthetic polymer prepared from caprolactum is known as: (a) Teflon (b) Nylon-6 (c) Nylon-6, 10 (d) Terylene

Nylon-6 is a type of synthetic polymer specifically crafted from a single type of monomer, which is caprolactam. Unlike other types of nylons, which may require two different monomers, Nylon-6 is unique because it is formed by ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam itself.

During the production process, the caprolactam is heated to a specific temperature, at which point it becomes molten and its ring structure breaks open, creating long-chain molecules without the necessity of another monomer for the reaction. The resulting fibers possess high tensile strength as well as remarkable elasticity and luster, accounting for Nylon-6's widespread use in the textile industry for producing clothes, carpets, and various industrial materials. Moreover, its significant resistance to abrasion and chemicals like oils and solvents make it ideal for engineering plastics as well.

Synthetic polymers like Nylon-6 represent a class of human-made macromolecules constructed through polymerization processes. They are created from smaller molecules known as monomers, which undergo chemical reactions to form long, repeating chains with diverse properties depending on their structure and composition.

These materials are ubiquitous in contemporary life, found in everything from everyday household products to specialized high-performance applications. Synthetic polymers are often preferred in various industries due to their versatility and durability. Examples include polyethylene, used commonly for packaging, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) which is essential for beverage containers, and polystyrene, the material for insulation and foam products. Important attributes that define these polymers include their melting temperature, tensile strength, and elasticity—each tailored to the requirements of their intended use.

Identifying polymers is a critical skill in materials science, enabling the selection of appropriate materials for different applications. The type of monomer, the polymerization method, and the molecular structure all contribute to the distinct properties of a polymer.

Techniques to identify polymers range from simple observational methods, such as examining physical characteristics or testing for melting point, to more sophisticated analytical approaches like spectroscopy or chromatography. Understanding the origin and properties of a polymer can assist in pinpointing its applications, predict its behavior in various conditions, and facilitate recycling or disposal. During identification, attributes like solubility, density, and resistance to chemicals can offer insights into the type of polymer at hand, thereby supporting everything from quality control in manufacturing to environmental conservation efforts.