Which of the following metals, \(\mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Zn}, \mathrm{Pb}, \mathrm{Ag}\) and Pt do not give a metal nitrate on treatment with concentrated \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3} ?\) (a) \(\mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Zn}\) and \(\mathrm{Pt}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Pb}, \mathrm{Ag}\) and \(\mathrm{Pt}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Fe}\) and \(\mathrm{Zn}\) (d) Fe and \(\mathrm{Pt}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Ag}\) and \(\mathrm{Pt}\)

When we dive into the fascinating world of chemistry, it's interesting to note how metals behave when introduced to concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). Typically, metals like iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) partake in a lively dance with HNO3, and the result is the production of metal nitrates. This type of reaction is not just a simple exchange, but a complex interaction including water and a mixture of nitrogen oxides as byproducts, such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).

The process can be depicted in a generalized equation: M + HNO3 -> M(NO3) + H2O + NOx, where M represents a metal and NOx symbolizes the varying nitrogen oxides that can form. It's intriguing to realize that this reaction showcases the unique properties of metals in their willingness to combine and create new compounds. By doing so, they exhibit a keen principle in chemistry: reactivity, which determines how they bond and interact with other substances.

Stepping into the regal realm of metals, noble metals like platinum (Pt) and gold (Au) hold an esteemed status due to their impressive resistance to corrosion and chemical assaults like those from concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). This durability is a consequence of their minimal reactivity – they don't easily give in to making swift chemical changes. In fact, their reluctance to corrode or oxidize allows them to maintain their striking luster and structural integrity over time.

This characteristic makes them prized in jewelry and industrial applications where durability is crucial. While they can be affected by a combination of strong acids, like aqua regia (a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acid), when facing HNO3 alone, they stand their ground firmly, maintaining their elemental dignity without transforming into metal nitrates or any other byproducts. This property is an enlightening example of chemical resistance and is one reason noble metals are profoundly revered in the world of materials.

Chemical reactivity in concentrated HNO3 is a thrilling theater showcasing the varied behaviors of different metals. The reactivity can be likened to a spectrum ranging from highly reactive to virtually inert, all determined by the specific characteristics of each metal. While common metals like Fe, Zn, and Pb may leap at the chance to react and form metal nitrates, offering themselves up readily in a reaction with HNO3, the story is different with noble metals.

For instance, platinum (Pt), with its noble status, chooses to remain aloof, giving the impression of being unaffected by the powerful nature of HNO3. This is due to its low reactivity, which prevents the formation of Pt(NO3)2. Exploring the reactivity of metals with concentrated HNO3 not only aids in understanding the production of metal nitrates but also illuminates the broad and intriguing landscape of metal reactivity. It pays homage to the rich diversity we observe amongst elements in the periodic table and their propensity to participate in the symphony of chemical reactions.