\(\mathrm{O}_{2}^{2 \cdot}\) is the symbol of \(\ldots \ldots \ldots\) ion. (a) Oxide (b) Peroxide (c) Monoxide (d) Super oxide

The peroxide ion, symbolized as
\( {{O}}_{2}^{2-} \), is an intriguing species in chemistry characterized by the presence of a single bond between two oxygen atoms and an overall ionic charge of 2-. This ion plays a pivotal role in various chemical reactions, especially as an agent for bleaching and in certain biochemical processes in living organisms. The two negative charges indicate that the peroxide ion has two more electrons than protons, an aspect critical for its chemical behavior and reactivity.
Understanding the structure of a peroxide ion is essential, as it consists of two oxygen atoms linked together, sharing their valence electrons in such a way that both have a stable electronic configuration. It's this arrangement that creates the potential for peroxide ions to readily decompose, releasing a significant amount of energy in the form of oxygen – a process extensively used in both practical and industrial applications like disinfectants and hair bleaching products.

Chemistry is a fundamental subject for students preparing for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET), a highly competitive exam for medical aspirants in India. It's crucial for students to understand various chemical processes, the behavior of ions like the peroxide ion, and the principles governing ionic charges to excel in this exam.
The topics are vast, encompassing Organic, Inorganic, and Physical Chemistry. To master these areas, a strong grasp on concepts such as ionic compounds, chemical bonding, and the periodic table is imperative. For instance, knowing the difference between peroxide ions and other oxygen ions could help solve a number of questions that test a student's knowledge on compound identification and reaction mechanisms. Strategic study plans, regular practice of problems, and having a clear understanding of such fundamental concepts are the cornerstones of an effective NEET chemistry preparation.

The concept of ionic charge is a backbone of understanding chemical compositions and reactions. The ionic charge is the electrical charge that an ion possesses due to the gain or loss of electrons. Atoms become ions by losing or gaining electrons, aiming to reach a stable electronic configuration, often similar to the noble gases.
For instance, when oxygen atoms form peroxide ions ( \( {{O}}_{2}^{2-} \)), they each share one electron with each other and gain an extra electron, resulting in the overall 2- charge.
Knowing how to determine ionic charges is crucial for predicting the formulas of ionic compounds, understanding the nature of chemical bonds, and is especially important for students preparing for exams like the NEET, where proficiency in these concepts can really make the difference between a good score and a great one.