When bauxite powder is mixed with coke and reacted with nitrogen at \(2075 \mathrm{~K}\), carbon monoxide and \(\mathrm{X}\) are formed. what is the gas formed when \(X\) is reacted with water? (a) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Aluminum Nitride (\textbf{AlN}) is a compound of aluminum and nitrogen which is synthesized under high-temperature conditions. This advanced material finds applications in electronics due to its thermal conductivity and electrical insulating properties. The preparation process involves a reaction at extremely high temperatures—above 2000 Kelvin—which is roughly equivalent to 1700 degrees Celsius.

The synthesis begins with aluminum oxide (bauxite), which reacts with carbon (from coke) and nitrogen gas to form aluminum nitride and carbon monoxide as by-products. An exemplary equation for this process is:
\[\mathrm{Al_2O_3} + 3\mathrm{C} + \mathrm{N_2} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{AlN} + 3\mathrm{CO}\]
It is essential to maintain an atmosphere free from oxygen to prevent the aluminum from becoming aluminum oxide again. Furthermore, the reaction container materials must withstand the high temperatures without contaminating the product.

Although Aluminum Nitride (\textbf{AlN}) is known for its stable and refractory nature, it reveals certain reactivity patterns under specific conditions. Notably, \textbf{AlN} hydrolyzes in the presence of water. This reaction is significant, as it not only identifies the chemical behavior of aluminum nitride but also forms part of a method to produce other compounds, such as ammonia (\textbf{NH}\(_3\)).

The hydrolysis reaction can be written as:
\[\mathrm{AlN} + 3\mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al(OH)_3} + \mathrm{NH_3}\]
This chemical reaction is indicative of \textbf{AlN}'s reactivity with water to form aluminum hydroxide (\(\mathrm{Al(OH)_3}\)) and ammonia gas (\(\mathrm{NH_3}\)). This process is crucial not just for the synthesis of ammonia but also demonstrates the reactivity of metal nitrides with water, which can be a consideration when using them in aqueous environments.

Ammonia (\textbf{NH}\(_3\)) is a key chemical for numerous applications, ranging from fertilizers to cleaning agents. The formation of ammonia can come from various chemical reactions, including the hydrolysis of metal nitrides such as aluminum nitride (\textbf{AlN}).

The reaction that leads to the production of ammonia following the hydrolysis of \textbf{AlN} is:
\[\mathrm{AlN} + 3\mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al(OH)_3} + \mathrm{NH_3}\]
This reaction demonstrates a typical synthesis method of obtaining ammonia under non-industrial scenarios. Generally, ammonia is produced on a large scale via the Haber process, which involves the direct reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen gases under high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst. However, the method displayed here illustrates an alternative chemical pathway that underscores the versatility of nitrogen compounds and their importance in chemistry.