Chapter 7: Problem 77
Noble gases occur in: (1) Ores (2) Natural gas (3) Atmosphere (4) Sea water (a) \(1,2,3\) (b) \(1,2,4\) (c) \(1,3,4\) (d) \(2,3,4\)
Short Answer
Expert verified
Noble gases occur in natural gas, atmosphere, and sea water. The correct answer is (d) 2,3,4.
Step by step solution
01
Understanding Noble Gases
Noble gases are a group of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity. They can be found in various parts of the environment.
02
Analyzing Locations for Noble Gas Occurrence
Noble gases, such as Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), and Radon (Rn), can be found in the atmosphere, trapped in natural gas formations, and dissolved in sea water. They are not typically found in ores because these are solid materials from which metals are extracted, and noble gases do not readily form compounds or solid structures.
03
Eliminating Incorrect Options
Since noble gases are not found in ores, any option including 'ores' can be eliminated. Therefore, options (a) and (b) are incorrect.
04
Identifying the Correct Option
With ores eliminated, the remaining locations are natural gas, atmosphere, and sea water which are all known to contain noble gases. Thus, option (d) which includes '2,3,4' is the correct answer.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Noble Gases Properties
Noble gases, the elegant members of the periodic table, include Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), and Radon (Rn). These chemical elements share a range of fascinating properties that make them stand out in the world of chemistry.
For starters, noble gases are all odorless, colorless, and tasteless in their natural states. This makes them nearly impossible to detect without specialized instruments. They boast a low level of chemical reactivity due to their full valence electron shells which means they rarely form bonds with other elements. As a result of this, noble gases exist in the monatomic form—that is, as single atoms—rather than in molecules.
Furthermore, Helium, which has the lowest boiling point of all elements, is used in cryogenics and as a diluent for deep-sea divers' breathing gases to prevent nitrogen narcosis.
For starters, noble gases are all odorless, colorless, and tasteless in their natural states. This makes them nearly impossible to detect without specialized instruments. They boast a low level of chemical reactivity due to their full valence electron shells which means they rarely form bonds with other elements. As a result of this, noble gases exist in the monatomic form—that is, as single atoms—rather than in molecules.
- Noble gases have high ionization energies,
- Low electronegativity,
- And are excellent electrical insulators.
Furthermore, Helium, which has the lowest boiling point of all elements, is used in cryogenics and as a diluent for deep-sea divers' breathing gases to prevent nitrogen narcosis.
Noble Gases in the Environment
While noble gases are famously unreactive, they play notable roles within our environment. These gases form a minuscule but important fraction of our atmosphere, with Argon being the third most abundant gas after Nitrogen and Oxygen.
In the atmospheric context:
Noble gases are also dissolved in the oceans with their concentrations providing valuable information about water mass ages and flow patterns in the study of oceanography. Scientists study these gases to understand more about the history and composition of Earth's atmosphere, its oceans, and even the cosmic origins of our solar system.
In the atmospheric context:
- Argon makes up approximately 0.93% of the earth's atmosphere by volume,
- Neon, Helium, Krypton, and Xenon are present in trace amounts,
- And Radon, being radioactive, continuously forms from the decay of Uranium and Thorium in the earth’s crust.
Noble gases are also dissolved in the oceans with their concentrations providing valuable information about water mass ages and flow patterns in the study of oceanography. Scientists study these gases to understand more about the history and composition of Earth's atmosphere, its oceans, and even the cosmic origins of our solar system.
Chemical Elements in Natural Gas
Natural gas, a crucial energy resource, is primarily composed of Methane (CH4), but its composition can vary widely depending on where it's found. Among its components are the noble gases - though in small concentrations, they are significant for a variety of applications and studies.
In natural gas reserves:
It's important to note that, while found in natural gas, noble gases don't contribute to the fuel's energy-generating capability but are often separated and harvested for their specialized uses in industry and research. As natural gas is processed, removing impurities and non-methane hydrocarbons, the noble gases can be captured and purified for commercial use.
In natural gas reserves:
- Helium is the noble gas most commonly found due to its generation from radioactive decay beneath the Earth's surface,
- Argon and Neon can also be present, albeit in much smaller quantities.
It's important to note that, while found in natural gas, noble gases don't contribute to the fuel's energy-generating capability but are often separated and harvested for their specialized uses in industry and research. As natural gas is processed, removing impurities and non-methane hydrocarbons, the noble gases can be captured and purified for commercial use.