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Chapter 15: Problem 309

What products would you expect to be formed in an attempt to synthesize hexamethylethane from t-buty1 chloride and sodium? Write equations for the reactions involved.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The products formed in an attempt to synthesize hexamethylethane from t-butyl chloride and sodium are hexamethylethane and sodium chloride. The overall reaction equation is: \[2 (CH_3)_3CCl + 2 Na \rightarrow (CH_3)_3C-C(CH_3)_3 + 2 NaCl\]

Step by step solution

01

Identify the reactants

First, let's identify our reactants. We have t-butyl chloride and sodium. The t-butyl chloride has the formula (CH3)3CCl, and sodium is a metal with the chemical symbol Na.
02

Predict the reaction between t-butyl chloride and sodium

When t-butyl chloride reacts with sodium, we can expect a single electron transfer from sodium to the chlorine atom in t-butyl chloride. This will create a t-butyl radical and a sodium chloride salt. The reaction equation for this step is: \[(CH_3)_3CCl + Na \rightarrow (CH_3)_3C^{\bullet} + NaCl\]
03

Formation of hexamethylethane

Now that we have the t-butyl radical, it can react with another t-butyl radical to form hexamethylethane. Two t-butyl radicals will combine, forming a new carbon-carbon bond. The reaction equation for this step is: \[2(CH_3)_3C^{\bullet} \rightarrow (CH_3)_3C-C(CH_3)_3\] The product formed in this reaction is hexamethylethane, which has the chemical formula \(C_6H_18\).
04

Write the overall reaction equation

We can now combine both reactions to write the overall reaction equation for the synthesis of hexamethylethane using t-butyl chloride and sodium: \[2 (CH_3)_3CCl + 2 Na \rightarrow (CH_3)_3C-C(CH_3)_3 + 2 NaCl\] In conclusion, the products formed when attempting to synthesize hexamethylethane from t-butyl chloride and sodium are hexamethylethane and sodium chloride.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Synthesize a ketone from each of the following precursors using the reaction of acid chlorides with organocadmium compounds.

An aromatic dibromide \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{Br}_{2}\) reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The product of this reaction had lost only one bromo group to give the product \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{BrO}\). When the dibromide was converted to a Grignard reagent and then hydrolyzed, the product was toluene. Determine the structure of the dibromide.

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Give structures of compounds \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}\) and \(\mathrm{C}\) : ethyl oxalate \(+\) ethyl acetate + sodium ethoxide, then \(\mathrm{H}^{+} \rightarrow \mathrm{A}\left(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{20} \mathrm{O}_{5}\right)\) \(\mathrm{A}+\) ethy 1 bromoacetate \(+\mathrm{Zn}\), then \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{B}\left(\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{20} \mathrm{O}_{7}\right)\) \(\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{OH}^{-}+\) heat, then \(\mathrm{H}^{+} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{7}\right)\), citric acid.
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