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Chapter 17: Problem 377

Write equations for the reaction of ethylene oxide with methanol in the presence of a little \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} ;\) (b) methanol in the presence of a little \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{(-)} \mathrm{Na} \oplus ;\) (c) aniline.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The three reactions of ethylene oxide are as follows: 1. With methanol in the presence of H2SO4: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + CH_{3}OH \xrightarrow[H_{2}SO_{4}]{} C_{3}H_{8}O_{2}} \] 2. With methanol in the presence of CH3O(-)Na+: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + CH_{3}OH \xrightarrow[CH_{3}O^{-}Na^{+}]{} C_{3}H_{8}O_{2}} \] 3. With aniline: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2} \rightarrow C_{8}H_{11}NO} \]

Step by step solution

01

Identify reactants and products

In this reaction, the ethylene oxide (C2H4O) reacts with methanol (CH3OH) in the presence of a small amount of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which acts as a catalyst. The product of this reaction is ethoxymethanol (C3H8O2).
02

Write the reaction equation

The reaction equation can be written as follows: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + CH_{3}OH \xrightarrow[H_{2}SO_{4}]{} C_{3}H_{8}O_{2}} \] Step 2: Reaction of ethylene oxide with methanol in the presence of a little CH3O(-)Na+
03

Identify reactants and products

In this reaction, the ethylene oxide (C2H4O) reacts with methanol (CH3OH) in the presence of a small amount of CH3O(-)Na+ (sodium methoxide), which acts as a catalyst. The product of this reaction is also ethoxymethanol (C3H8O2).
04

Write the reaction equation

The reaction equation can be written as follows: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + CH_{3}OH \xrightarrow[CH_{3}O^{-}Na^{+}]{} C_{3}H_{8}O_{2}} \] Step 3: Reaction of ethylene oxide with aniline
05

Identify reactants and products

In this reaction, the ethylene oxide (C2H4O) reacts with aniline (C6H5NH2). The product of this reaction is N-phenylethanolamine (C8H11NO).
06

Write the reaction equation

The reaction equation can be written as follows: \[ \mathrm{C_{2}H_{4}O + C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2} \rightarrow C_{8}H_{11}NO} \]

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name each of the following compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (b) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{2}-\mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right){ }_{2} \mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (e) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{OH}\) (f) CC(Cl)CC1CO1

1, 4-Dioxane is prepared industrially (for use as a water soluble solvent) by dehydration of an alcohol. What alcohol is used?

In ether formation by dehydration, as in most other cases of nucleophilic substitution, there is a competing elimination reaction. What is this reaction and what products does it yield? For what alcohols would elimination be most important?

In so far as the ether linkage is concerned, ethers undergo just one type of reaction, cleavage by acids. Discuss this reaction in terms of the mechanism, conditions, and products obtained.

Propylene oxide can be converted into propylene glycol by the action of either dilute acid or dilute base. When optically active propylene oxide is used, the glycol obtained from acidic hydrolysis has a rotation opposite to that obtained from alkaline hydrolysis. What is the most likely interpretation of these facts?
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