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Chapter 20: Problem 460

Draw structures for the following: (a) Propionic acid; (b) 2-Chlorobutanoic acid; (c) \(\mathrm{m}\) -Nitrobenzoic acid; (d) Trifluoroacetic acid; (e) 4-Methoxypentanoic acid; (f) a-Bromopropionic acid (g) Isobutyric acid; (h) 2,2-Dibromoheptanoic acid; (i) Formic acid; (i) 3-Benzyl-7-cyclopropyl-heptanoic acid.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structures for the given compounds are: (a) Propionic acid: CH3CH2COOH (b) 2-Chlorobutanoic acid: CH3CH(Cl)CH2COOH (c) m-Nitrobenzoic acid: \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{(NO}_2\text{)}\text{COOH}\) (d) Trifluoroacetic acid: CF3COOH (e) 4-Methoxypentanoic acid: CH3CH2CH2CH(OCH3)COOH (f) α-Bromopropionic acid: CH2BrCH2COOH (g) Isobutyric acid: (CH3)2CHCOOH (h) 2,2-Dibromoheptanoic acid: CH3C(Br)2(CH2)4COOH (i) Formic acid: HCOOH (j) 3-Benzyl-7-cyclopropyl-heptanoic acid: CH3CH(C6H5CH2)CH2CH2CH2C(CH2)2COOH

Step by step solution

01

a) Propionic acid

A propionic acid structure has three carbon atoms, and the numbering starts from the carboxyl group. The structural formula would be: CH3CH2COOH.
02

b) 2-Chlorobutanoic acid

In this case, the structure has four carbon atoms and a chlorine atom at the second position. The structural formula would be: CH3CH(Cl)CH2COOH.
03

c) m-Nitrobenzoic acid

Here, we have a benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) structure. The meta (m) position refers to the third carbon atom in the benzene ring (counting from the COOH group). So, the structural formula would be: \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{(NO}_2\text{)}\text{COOH}\).
04

d) Trifluoroacetic acid

Trifluoroacetic acid has the trifluoromethyl group (CF3) attached to the carboxylic acid group. The structural formula would be: CF3COOH.
05

e) 4-Methoxypentanoic acid

For this structure, there are five carbon atoms, and the methoxy group (OCH3) is at the fourth position. The structural formula would be: CH3CH2CH2CH(OCH3)COOH.
06

f) α-Bromopropionic acid

In this case, there are three carbon atoms, and the bromine atom is attached to the α carbon (the carbon atom next to the carboxyl group). The structural formula would be: CH2BrCH2COOH.
07

g) Isobutyric acid

This structure has three carbon atoms, and one of the carbons is attached to the main chain as a branched chain (methyl group). The structural formula would be: (CH3)2CHCOOH.
08

h) 2,2-Dibromoheptanoic acid

Here, there are seven carbon atoms in the chain, and two bromine atoms are attached to the second carbon atom. The structural formula would be: CH3C(Br)2(CH2)4COOH.
09

i) Formic acid

Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid with only one carbon atom. The structural formula would be: HCOOH.
10

j) 3-Benzyl-7-cyclopropyl-heptanoic acid

This structure has seven carbon atoms, a benzyl group (C6H5CH2) at the third position, and a cyclopropyl group at the seventh position. The structural formula would be: CH3CH(C6H5CH2)CH2CH2CH2C(CH2)2COOH.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw structures for the following compounds. (a) a-aminopropionic acid (alanine) (b) vinylacetic acid (c) para-methoxybenzoic acid

How do you account for the fact that the \(\alpha\) -hydrogens of an aldehyde (say, n-butyraldehyde) are much more acidic than any other hydrogens in the molecule?

What carboxylic acid can be prepared from p-Bromotoluene: (a) by direct oxidation? (b) by free-radical chlorination followed by the nitrile synthesis?

4-Bromobicyclo \([2,2,2]\) octane-1-carboxylic acid is more acidic than 5 -bromopentanoic acid. Explain this observation by considering the transmission of the electrical effect of the C-Br dipole.

Explain the mechanism involved in the nucleophilic substitution reaction on carboxylic acids in esterification.
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