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Chapter 21: Problem 492

Write equations to show the reaction of acetyl chloride with: (a) water, (b) ammonia, and (c) isopropyl alcohol.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical equations for the reactions of acetyl chloride with water, ammonia, and isopropyl alcohol are: (1) Water reaction: \[ CH_3COCl + H_2O \rightarrow CH_3COOH + HCl \] (2) Ammonia reaction: \[ CH_3COCl + NH_3 \rightarrow CH_3CONH_2 + HCl \] (3) Isopropyl alcohol reaction: \[ CH_3COCl + (CH_3)_2CHOH \rightarrow CH_3COO(CH_3)_2CH + HCl \]

Step by step solution

01

(1) Acetyl chloride and water reaction.

To write the balanced equation for the reaction between acetyl chloride and water, we need first to identify the type of reaction. This is an example of nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction where water will act as a nucleophile and replace the chloride in acetyl chloride. The products are acetic acid and hydrochloric acid. The balanced chemical equation is: \[ CH_3COCl + H_2O \rightarrow CH_3COOH + HCl \]
02

(2) Acetyl chloride and ammonia reaction.

In the reaction between acetyl chloride and ammonia, ammonia will act as a nucleophile replacing chloride in acetyl chloride. The product of this reaction is acetamide and hydrochloric acid. The balanced chemical equation is: \[ CH_3COCl + NH_3 \rightarrow CH_3CONH_2 + HCl \]
03

(3) Acetyl chloride and isopropyl alcohol reaction.

When acetyl chloride reacts with isopropyl alcohol, it undergoes another nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction. Isopropyl alcohol replaces the chloride in acetyl chloride, forming isopropyl acetate and hydrochloric acid as products. The balanced chemical equation is: \[ CH_3COCl + (CH_3)_2CHOH \rightarrow CH_3COO(CH_3)_2CH + HCl \] These are the balanced chemical equations for the reactions of acetyl chloride with water, ammonia, and isopropyl alcohol.

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