Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 6: Problem 112

(a) Indicate the direction of the net dipole moment for each of the dihaloethenes. (b) Would cis-2,3-dichloro-2-butane have a larger or smaller dipole moment than cis-1,2-dichloroethene? (c) Indicate the direction of the net dipolemoment of cis-1,2 dibromo-1,2-dichloroethene. Will it be larger or smaller than the dipole moment of cis-1,2-dichloroethene? Why?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The net dipole moment for dihaloethenes will point towards the Chlorine atom as it is more electronegative. Cis-1,2-dichloroethene has a larger dipole moment than cis-2,3-dichloro-2-butene due to the direct attachment of chlorine atoms to double-bonded carbons. In cis-1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloroethene, the net dipole moment is directed towards the chlorine atom but has a larger magnitude than cis-1,2-dichloroethene due to the added presence of the bromine atoms.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding dipole moment and electronegativity

A dipole moment is a measure of the molecular polarity and depends on the electronegativity difference between the atoms involved. The greater the electronegativity difference between the atoms, the greater the dipole moment.
02

(a) Direction of the net dipole moment for dihaloethenes

To determine the direction of the net dipole moment for dihaloethenes, we look at the electronegativity of each halogen: Chlorine (\(\chi\) = 3.16), and Bromine (\(\chi\) = 2.96). The net dipole moment will always point towards the more electronegative atom, which in this case is Chlorine.
03

(b) Comparing dipole moments of cis-2,3-dichloro-2-butene and cis-1,2-dichloroethene

To compare the dipole moments of these two molecules, we will first examine their structural differences: - In cis-2,3-dichloro-2-butene, the dichloro functional group is attached to carbons 2 and 3, providing a secondary alkene configuration. - In cis-1,2-dichloroethene, both chlorine atoms are directly attached to the double-bonded carbons, imparting higher polarity to the molecule. Consequently, cis-1,2-dichloroethene will have a larger dipole moment than cis-2,3-dichloro-2-butene.
04

(c) Direction of net dipole moment and comparison for cis-1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloroethene

In cis-1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloroethene, the presence of both bromine and chlorine atoms causes the net dipole moment to orient towards the more electronegative atoms; in this case, chlorine. Furthermore, the molecule's dipole moment direction will be more pronounced due to the increased electronegativity of the bromines. Depending on the position of the halogens, the dipole moment of cis-1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloroethene may vary. However, considering a case where Br is bonded with C1, Cl with C2, the net dipole moment will still point towards the chlorine, but the magnitude is larger than that of cis-1,2-dichloroethene due to the added presence of the bromine atoms.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine the oxidation number of each atom in the following: (a) propene (e) (E)-2-chloro-2-butane (b) 1-butane (f) \(1,1-\) dichloropropane (c) cis-2-butane (g) acetic acid, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}\) (d) 1-chloro-2-butane (h) methanethiol, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{SH}\)

What is an alkene?

The dipole moment of 1,2 -dichloroethane is \(1.12 \mathrm{D}\) at room temperature. Show how one could use this dipole moment to calculate the proportions of the possible conformations that are expected to be present.

Write the chemical structures for each compound listed. (a) 1 -Hexene (b) 3 -Methyl-1-butane (c) 2, 4-Hexadiene (d) 1-Iodo-2-methy1-2-pentene (e) 2-Chloro-3-methy1-2-hexane (f) 6,6 -Dibromo-5-methy1-5-ethy1-2,3-heptadiene

On ozonolysis of a hydrocarbon two equivalents of formaldehyde and one equivalent of
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free