Give the IUPAC name for each compound.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

Aldehydes and ketones come under the category of compounds termed as “carbonyl compounds.” They undergo several reactions, and one among them is the nucleophilic addition reaction.

In the case of aldehydes, if the CHO group is connected to several carbon chains, the suffix –al is used in the end. The suffix that is utilized for ketones is –one.

a. The given structure has six carbons in the cyclic ring. On this ring, the C=O group is substituted at the first carbon, the one methyl group is substituted at the second carbon, and one ethyl group is substituted at the fifth carbon. Hence, the IUPAC nomenclature of the compound is 5-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexanone.

Compound a

b. The given structure comprises six carbons in the cyclic ring. The aldehyde group is substituted at the first carbon above the plane, and a benzyl group is substituted at the second carbon.

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is trans-2-benzylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde.

Compound b

c. The given compound contains a benzene ring possessing six carbons. A group is present in the benzene ring, and a nitro group is also situated ortho to it. Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is o-nitroacetophenone.

Compound c

d. The given structure contains six carbons in the parent chain. The aldehyde group is substituted at the first carbon, and the third and fourth carbon atoms are substituted with an ethyl group. Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is 3, 4-diethylhexanal.

Compound d

e. The given structure has eight carbons in the parent chain. The C=O group is substituted at the fourth carbon, the second carbon and the fifth carbon are substituted with a methyl group.

A C=C bond is present between the fifth carbon and the sixth carbon. The prefix utilized in the IUPAC name is E, as the high priority groups are present opposite each other around the C=C bond.

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is (5E)-2, 5-dimethyloct-5-en-4-one.

Compound e

f. The longest chain comprises six carbons. The first carbon is substituted with the aldehyde group; the second carbon is substituted with the methyl group, and the C=C bond is present between the third and fourth carbons.

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is 3, 4-diethyl-2-methylhex-3-enal.

Compound f