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Chapter 30: Question 30.1 (page 1200)

Give the shorthand structures of poly(vinyl chloride) and nylon 6,6 in Section 30.1.

Short Answer

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Answer

The shorthand structure of poly(vinyl chloride) is:

The shorthand structure of nylon-6,6 is:

Step by step solution

01

Polymers:

Polymers are chemical substances that bear large number of molecules made from simple monomer units.Some examples of polymers are nylon-6,6, wool, cellulose, neoprene, rubber, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.

02

Poly(vinyl chloride):

Poly (vinyl chloride), also known as PVC is one of the most extensively created synthetic polymer. It contains chlorine atoms in the polymer chain.The shorthand structure of poly(vinyl chloride) is given below.

Shorthand structure of poly(vinyl chloride)

03

Nylon-6,6:

Nylon-6,6 is a semicrystalline polymer bearing adipic acid, hexamethylenediamine, and six carbon atoms.Nylon-6,6 has a wide application in the plastic and textile industry, making it the most used polymer.

The shorthand structure of nylon-6,6 is given below.

Shorthand structure of nylon-6,6

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw the structure of PEF, polyethylene furanoate, a condensation polymer formed from furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol. PEF, which can be synthesized from precursors that are obtained from renewable resources, has many of the same properties as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

Melmac, a thermosetting polymer formed from melamine and formaldehyde (CH2=O), is used to make dishes and countertops. Draw a stepwise mechanism for the condensation of one mole of formaldehyde with two moles of melamine, which begins the synthesis of Melmac.

Although chain branching in radical polymerizations can occur by intermolecular H abstraction as shown in Mechanism 30.2, chain branching can also occur by intramolecular H abstraction to form branched polyethylene that contains butyl groups as branches.

a. Draw a stepwise mechanism that illustrates which H must be intramolecularly abstracted to form butyl substituents.

b. Suggest a reason why the abstraction of this H is more facile than the abstraction of other H’s.

Explain the differences observed in the Tg and Tm values for each pair of polymers:

(a) polyester A and PET;

(b) polyester A and nylon 6,6.

(c) How would you expect the Tm value for Kevlar (Section 30.6A) to compare with the Tm value for nylon 6,6? Explain your prediction.

Draw the structures of Quiana and Nomex, two commercially available step-growth polymers formed from the given monomers. Nomex is a strong polymer used in aircraft tires and microwave transformers. Quiana has been used to make wrinkle-resistant fabrics.

(a.)

(b.)
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