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Chapter 1: Problem 10

Draw condensed structural formulas for the three ketones with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The condensed structural formulas for the three unique ketone structures are: 1. Structure 1: CH3C=OCH2CH2CH3 2. Structure 2: CH3C=OC(CH3)CH3 3. Structure 3: CH3CH2C=OCH2CH3

Step by step solution

01

Understanding ketones

Ketones are organic compounds containing a carbonyl group (\(\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}\)) bonded to two other carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is \(\mathrm{R}_{1} \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O} \mathrm{R}_{2}\), where \(\mathrm{R}_{1}\) and \(\mathrm{R}_{2}\) are alkyl groups.
02

Identify possible ketone structures with \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\) formula

Since we are given the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\), we know that there are five carbon atoms, ten hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom present in the molecule. The oxygen atom is part of the carbonyl group, which is always connected to two carbon atoms. The remaining carbon and hydrogen atoms will form the alkyl groups \(\mathrm{R}_{1}\) and \(\mathrm{R}_{2}\). The position of the carbonyl group in the molecule will dictate the unique ketone structures.
03

Create the three unique ketone structures

There are three possible unique ketone structures that can be formed with the given molecular formula: 1. Ketone with the carbonyl group at the second carbon atom: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (Structure 1) 2. Ketone with the carbonyl group at the second carbon atom, and the carbon chain having a branching at the third carbon atom: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_{3})-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (Structure 2) 3. Ketone with the carbonyl group at the third carbon atom, and the carbon chain being linear: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (Structure 3)
04

State the condensed structural formulas of the three ketones with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\)

The condensed structural formulas for the three unique ketone structures are: 1. Structure 1: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}\mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 2. Structure 2: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{H}_{3})\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 3. Structure 3: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}\mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{CH}_{3}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write and compare the ground-state electron configurations for each pair of elements. (a) Carbon and silicon (b) Oxygen and sulfur (c) Nitrogen and phosphorus

Following is a structural formula of benzene, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\), which we study in Chapter 21 . (a) Using VSEPR, predict each \(\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) bond angle in benzene. (b) State the hybridization of each carbon in benzene. (c) Predict the shape of a benzene molecule. (d) Draw important resonance contributing structures.

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