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Chapter 1: Problem 22

Define valence shell and valence electron.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The valence shell is the outermost shell in an atom that contains electrons and plays a significant role in chemical bonding and reactions. Valence electrons are the electrons located in the valence shell and are responsible for an element's reactivity, stability, and participation in chemical bonding.

Step by step solution

01

(Understanding Atomic Shells)

In an atom, electrons are arranged in specific energy levels known as shells. Each shell can hold a certain number of electrons and is at a specific distance from the nucleus.
02

(Defining Valence Shell)

The valence shell is the outermost shell in an atom that contains electrons. This shell plays a significant role in chemical bonding and reactions, as the electrons placed in this shell are responsible for interacting with other atoms or molecules.
03

(Understanding Electrons)

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the atomic nucleus. They are involved in processes such as chemical bonding, ion formation, and determining the chemical properties of an element.
04

(Defining Valence Electron)

Valence electrons are the electrons that are located in the valence shell of an atom. They are the electrons that participate in chemical bonding and determine the reactivity and stability of an element.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write and compare the ground-state electron configurations for each pair of elements. (a) Carbon and silicon (b) Oxygen and sulfur (c) Nitrogen and phosphorus

Draw Lewis structures and condensed structural formulas for the four alcohols with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\). Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

Describe the bonding in these molecules in terms of hybridization of \(\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{N}\), and the types of bonds between carbon and nitrogen, and if there are any lone pairs, describe what type of orbital contains these electrons. (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{NH}_{2}\)

Draw condensed structural formulas for the three ketones with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\).

Following is a structural formula of benzene, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\), which we study in Chapter 21 . (a) Using VSEPR, predict each \(\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) bond angle in benzene. (b) State the hybridization of each carbon in benzene. (c) Predict the shape of a benzene molecule. (d) Draw important resonance contributing structures.
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