Cyclohexene can be converted to 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde by the following series of reactions. Propose a structural formula for each intermediate compound.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Outline the steps involved in converting cyclohexene to 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde and the intermediate structures formed during this process. Answer: The conversion of cyclohexene to 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde involves the following steps: 1. Oxidation of the double bond using ozonolysis (ozone and dimethyl sulfide or zinc) to form carbonyl groups (C1=O and C6=O) on former double-bonded carbons. 2. Reductive removal of the C6=O carbonyl group using Wolff-Kishner reduction (hydrazine and potassium hydroxide) to create a methylene group (C6=CH2). 3. Formation of the aldehyde functional group (H-C=O) at position C1 by DIBAL-H reduction. The intermediate structures are: (1) C1=O and C6=O, (2) C1=O and C6=CH2. The final product is 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde with C1=(H-C=O) and C5=CH2.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the starting material and target compound

The given starting material is cyclohexene, a six-membered ring with one double bond. The target compound is 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde, which is a cyclopentene ring system with an aldehyde functional group (H-C=O) at position 1.
02

Oxidation of the double bond

The first step is to oxidize the double bond of cyclohexene to break one of the carbon-carbon connections and introduce two carbonyl groups. This can be achieved with an oxidative cleavage agent, such as ozone (O3) in the presence of a reductive agent like dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or zinc in the subsequent step. This process is called ozonolysis. The intermediate structure here would have two carbonyl groups attached to former double-bonded carbons: C1=O and C6=O
03

Reductive removal of one carbonyl group

Next, we need to remove the C6=O carbonyl group while retaining the C1=O carbonyl group. This can be accomplished via a Wolff-Kishner reduction, which involves converting the carbonyl group (C6=O) to a methylene group (CH2) and hydrogen gas. The Wolff-Kishner reduction requires two reagents: hydrazine (NH2NH2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). This results in the following intermediate structure: C1=O and C6=CH2
04

Formation of the aldehyde functional group

The final step is to convert the remaining carbonyl group (C1=O) to an aldehyde functional group (H-C=O). This can be achieved via the DIBAL-H reduction (Diisobutylaluminium hydride). DIBAL-H is a selective reducing agent that converts esters and nitriles to aldehydes. After the reduction, we arrive at the target compound, 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde: C1=O and C6=CH2 -> C1=(H-C=O) and C5=CH2 By following these steps and applying the appropriate reactions, we have successfully converted cyclohexene to 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde and identified the intermediate structures involved in this process.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free