Following is a retrosynthetic analysis for the acaracide (killing mites and ticks) and fungicide dinocap. CC=CC(=O)Oc1c(C(C)C)cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1[N+](=O)[O-] CC(C)c1cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])c1O O=[N+]([O-])c1ccc(O)c([N+](=O)[O-])c1 Oc1ccccc1 Dinocap (a) Given this analysis, propose a synthesis for dinocap from phenol and l-octene. (b) Is dinocap chiral? If so, which of the possible stereoisomers are formed in this synthesis?

Based on the given retrosynthetic analysis, we can identify the following important chemicals: 1. Dinocap: CC=CC(=O)Oc1c(C(C)C)cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1[N+](=O)[O-] 2. Intermediate 1: CC(C)c1cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])c1O 3. Intermediate 2: O=[N+]([O-])c1ccc(O)c([N+](=O)[O-])c1 4. Phenol: Oc1ccccc1 5. l-Octene: CC=CCCCCC

Based on the given intermediates, the synthesis of dinocap can be proposed as follows: (a) Nitration of phenol (starting material) to form Intermediate 2: Phenol reacts with a nitrating agent, such as nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), to form 2,4-dinitrophenol via electrophilic aromatic substitution. (b) Reaction between Intermediate 2 and l-octene (starting material) to form Intermediate 1: Intermediate 2 reacts with l-octene in the presence of an acid catalyst, for instance, sulfuric acid (H2SO4), through a Friedel-Crafts alkylation to form Intermediate 1, which contains the l-octene side chain in ortho position. (c) Formation of dinocap from Intermediate 1 via esterification: Intermediate 1 reacts with l-octene (starting material) in the presence of an acid catalyst or sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form the dinocap product through esterification reaction, where the l-octene side chain becomes an ester functional group.

Dinocap has a stereogenic center around the carbon next to the phenol group which has four different substituents: hydrogen, a methyl group, a phenol group, and an ester group. Therefore, dinocap is chiral and has two possible stereoisomers: R and S configurations. During the synthesis, both R and S enantiomers are likely to form, which would result in a racemic mixture of both stereoisomers.