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Chapter 23: Problem 14

Write structural formulas for these amines. (a) Isobutylamine (b) Triphenylamine (c) Diixspropylamine

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The structural formulas for these amines are: (a) Isobutylamine: H_3C-CH(CH_3)-CH_2-NH_2 (b) Triphenylamine: N(C_6H_5)_3 (c) Diisopropylamine: NH(CH(CH_3)_2)_2

Step by step solution

01

Identify the key components of each amine

For each amine, we need to identify the main alkyl groups present. (a) Isobutylamine: "Isobutyl" refers to an isomer of butyl (4 carbons). (b) Triphenylamine: The prefix "Tri" indicates there are three phenyl groups attached. (c) Diisopropylamine: The prefix "Di" means there are two isopropyl groups.
02

Draw the structural formula for isobutylamine

For isobutylamine, start with the nitrogen atom. "Isobutyl" means that there are 4 carbons with one branching (isomer) on the second carbon. From the nitrogen atom, connect a chain of two carbons, which will be our main chain. Then, branch a carbon and connect it to the second carbon of the main chain. Lastly, add one more carbon to the end of the main chain, so we get a total of 4 carbons. The structural formula for isobutylamine is: H_3C-CH(CH_3)-CH_2-NH_2
03

Draw the structural formula for triphenylamine

For triphenylamine, start with the nitrogen atom. Since there are three phenyl groups connected to the nitrogen atom, draw three benzene rings (hexagons with alternating single and double bonds) attached to the nitrogen. The structural formula for triphenylamine is: N(C_6H_5)_3
04

Draw the structural formula for diisopropylamine

For diisopropylamine, start with the nitrogen atom. Since there are two isopropyl groups attached, draw two identical groups connected to the nitrogen atom. Isopropyl groups have 3 carbons with the middle carbon connected to the nitrogen atom and two methyl groups at the ends. The structural formula for diisopropylamine is: NH(CH(CH_3)_2)_2

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Show reagents and conditions to convert toluene to 3-hromo-4.methylphenol.

All aliphatic amines have about the same hase strength, \(\mathrm{p} K_{\mathrm{2}}\) of the conjugate acid \(10.0-11.0\), and are slightly stronger bases than ammonia. The increase in basicity compared with ammonia can be attributed to the greater stability of an alkylammonium ion, as for example \(\mathrm{RCH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{3}{ }^{+}\)compared with the ammonium ion, \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}{ }^{+}\). This greater stability arises from the electron- releasing effect of alky groups and the resulting partial delocalization of the positive charge from nitrogen onto carbon in the alkylammonium ion.

Like ammonia, all amines are weak bases, and aqueous solutions of amines are basic. The following acid-base reaction between an amine and water is written uxing curved arross to emphasize that, in these proton-transfer reactions, the unshared pair of electrons on nitrogen forms a new covalent bond with hydrogen and displaces hydroxide ion.

Amines are further divided into aliphatic and aromatic amines. In an aliphatic amine, all carbons bonded to nitrogen are derived from alkyl groups; in an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen are aryl groups.

An amine in which the nitrogen atom is part of a ring is classified as a heterocyclic amine. When the nitrogen is part of an aromatic ring (Section 21.2D), the amine is classified as a beterocyclic aromatic amine. Following are structural for mulas for two heterocyclic aliphatic amines and two heterocyclic aromatic amines.
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