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Chapter 20: Q19P (page 1038)

Some of the earliest synthetic detergents were the sodium alkyl sulfates, CH3(CH2)nCH2-OSO3-Na+ .Show how you would make sodium octadecylsulfate using tristearin as your organic starting material.

Short Answer

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Formation of sodium octadecylsulfate

Step by step solution

01

Step-1. Reduction of tristearin to octadecyl alcohol:

Tristearin on reaction with lithium aluminiumhydride undergoes reduction and gets converted to octadecyl alcohol and glycerol. Lithium aluminium hydride acts as a reducing agent and overall, 3 molecules of octadecyl alcohol and one molecule of glycerol is formed.

02

Step-2. Conversion of octadecyl alcohol to sodium octadecylsulfate:

Octadecyl alcohol undergoes sulfonation under cold conditions and gets converted to octadecyl sulfonic acid which on reaction with base such as sodium hydroxide forms sodium octadecylsulfate.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Rank the compounds in each set in order of increasing acid strength.

(a)CH3CH2COOH,CH3CHBrCOOH,CH3CBr2COOH

(b) CH3CH2CH2CHBrCOOH,CH3CH2CHBrCH2COOH,CH3CHBrCH2CH2COOH

(c)

,CH3CH2COOH,

The reaction of tert-butyl alcohol with concentrated HCl goes by the SN1 mechanism. Write a mechanism for this reaction.

Question:

  1. Determine the structure of the carboxylic acid whose proton NMR spectrum appears below.
  2. Draw the NMR spectrum you would expect from the corresponding aldehyde whose oxidation gives this carboxylic acid.
  3. Point out two distinctive differences in the spectra of the aldehyde and the acid.

Question: Show the products you expect when each compound reacts with NBS with light shining on the reaction.

b)

Predict the products of the following reactions.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

product from part (e)

(g)

4-methylpentaoic acid

(h)

product from part (g)
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