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Chapter 14: Q2P. (page 712)

Aluminum trichloride () dissolves in ether with the evolution of a largeamount of heat. (In fact, this reaction can become rather violent if it gets too warm.)Show the structure of the resulting aluminum chloride etherate complex.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Aluminum trichloride dissolves in ether and a large amount of heat is released in

that process. That means the process is exothermic in nature and the formation of

the complex is favored

Step by step solution

01

Aluminum chloride

Aluminum trichloride dissolves in ether and a large amount of heat is released in

that process. That means the process is exothermic in nature and the formation of

the complex is favored

02

Aluminium chloride etherate complex

In the aluminum chloride etherate complex, oxygen shares one of its lone pairs

with aluminum, thus oxygen acts as a lewis base and aluminum acts as a lewis acid.

Oxygen atom having three bond pairs and one lone pair possesses positive formal charge

and aluminum atom with four bonds bears formal negative charge.

Aluminum chloride etherate complex

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Another true story) An organic lab student carried out the reaction of methyl magnesium iodide with acetone (CH3COCH3), followed by hydrolysis. During the distillation to isolate the product, she forgot to mark the vials she used to collect the fractions. She turned in a product of formula C4H10Othat boiled at 350C.The IR spectrum showed only a weak O-Hstretch around 3300 cm-1, and the mass spectrum showed a base peak at m/z 59.The NMR spectrum showed a quartet (J = 7Hz) of area 3at δ1.3Propose a structure for this product, explain how it corresponds to the observed spectra, and suggest how the student isolated this compound.

Write structural formulas for the following compounds

  1. methyl isopropyl ether (b) di-iso-butyl ether (c) 2-methoxyoctane

(d) diallyl ether (e) allyl ethyl ether (f) cycloheptane oxide

(g) trans-2,3-epoxyheptane (h) (2R,3S)-2-ethoxypentan-3-ol (i) cis-2,3-dimethyloxirane

Propose a fragmentation to account for each numbered peak in the mass spectrum of n-butyl isopropyl ether.

Give the expected products of the following reactions. Include a protonation step where necessary.

  1. 1,2-dimethyloxirane + isopropylmagnesium bromide
  2. ethyl oxide + n-butyllithium
  3. cyclohexyloxirane + ethyllithium

Question. Glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) is a viscous syrup with molecular weight 92g/mol, boiling point 290oC, and density 1.24g/mol. Transforming the three hydroxy groups into their trimethylsilyl ethers (using chlorotrimethylsilane and a tertiary amine) produces a liquid that flows easily, has molecular weight 309g/mol, boiling point approximately 180oC, and density 0.88g/mol. Draw the structures of these two compounds and explain why glycerol has a lower molecular weight but a much higher boiling point and density.
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