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Chapter 25: Q-25-4P (page 1308)

Give equations to show the reactions of sodium myristate with the following.(a) Ca2+ (b) Mg2+ (c) Fe3+

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)

(b)

(c)

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

Sodium myristate is a surfactant used in soaps and detergent, it has the tendency to precipitate out of solution in hard water. Hard water is water that is acidic or that contains ions of calcium, magnesium, or iron.

02

(a)

Sodium myristate react with calcium ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

03

(b)

Sodium myristate react with magnesium ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

04

(c)

Sodium myristate react with ferric ion (soap) to form insoluble salts called hard-water scum.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A triglyceride can be optically active if it contains two or more different fatty acids

  1. Draw the structure of an optically active triglyceride containing one equivalent of myristic acid and two equivalents of oleic acid.
  2. Draw the structure of an optically inactive triglyceride with the same fatty acid composition.

When an extract of parsley seed is saponified and acidified, one of the fatty acids isolated is petroselenic acid, formula C18H34O2. Hydrogenation of petroselenic acid gives pure stearic acid. When petroselenic acid is treated with warm potassium permanganate followed by acidification, the only organic products are dodecanoic acid and adipic acid. The NMR spectrum shows absorptions of vinyl protons split by coupling constants of 7 Hz and 10 Hz. Propose a structure for petroselenic acid, and show how your structure is consistent with these observations.

Draw the structure of an example of each of the following types of lipids:

(a) a saturated fat (b) a polyunsaturated oil (c) a wax (d) a soap (e) a detergent

(f) a phospholipid (g) a prostaglandin (h) a steroid (i) a sesquiterpene
  1. Circle the isoprene units in the following terpenes.
  2. Classify each of these as a monoterpene, diterpene, etc.

Carefully circle the isoprene units in the following terpenes, and label each compound as a monoterpene, sesquiterpene, or diterpene.
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