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Chapter 1: 18P (page 76)

Predict the hybridization, geometry, and bond angles for the carbon and nitrogen atoms in acetonitrilesCH3-C≡N

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

Hybridization

2

sp

3

sp2

4

sp3

Step by step solution

01

Hybridization and bond angles

Bond angle and geometry are prominent factors that affect hybridization.The angle formed between three atoms across at least two bonds is called the bond angle.It changes with the respective bond pair electron and lone pair electron.

Hybridization is calculated as follows:

Hybridization =Number ofσ bond+Number of lone pair

02

Prediction of the hybridization, geometry, and bond angles

SN

Elements

Calculation

hybridization

geometry

bond angle

1

C

Hybrid

4+0=4

sp3

tetrahedral

109.280

2

C

Hybrid

2+0=2

sp

linear

1800

3

N

Hybrid

1+1=2

sp

linear

1800

Prediction of hybridization

Prediction of bond angle

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Use electronegativities to predict the direction of the dipole moments of the following bonds.

  1. C-Br
  2. C-I
  3. C-Si
  4. B-Cl
  5. B-F
  6. N-F
  7. N-Br
  8. Si-Br
  9. Si-Cl
  10. Si-F

Give the relationship between the following pairs of structures. The relationships are:

Same compound

Constitutional isomers (structural isomers)

Cis-trans isomers

Not isomers (different molecular formula)

Question: For each of the following compounds, draw the important resonance forms. Indicate which structures are major and minor contributors or whether they have the same energy.

A. H2CNN

Question: Compound X, isolated from lanolin (sheep’s wool fat), has the pungent aroma of dirty sweat socks. A careful analysis showed that compound Xcontains 62.0%carbon and 10.4%hydrogen. No nitrogen or halogen was found.

(a) Compute an empirical formula for compound X.

(b) A molecular weight determination showed that compound Xhas a molecular weight of approximately 117. Find the molecular formula of compound X.

(c) Many possible structures have this molecular formula. Draw complete structural formulas for four of them.

Compute the empirical and molecular formulas for each of the following elemental analyses. In each case, propose at least one structure that fits the molecular formula.
See all solutions

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