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Mobile App Chapter 10: Q4P (page 501)
Give a systematic (IUPAC) name for each diol.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Short Answer
(a) The name of the compound is 8, 8-dimetyhylnonane-2,7-diol.
(b) The name of the compound is octane-1, 8-diol.
(c) The name of the compound is cis-cyclohex-2-ene-1, 4-diol.
(d) The name of the compound is 3-cyclopentylheptane-2, 4-diol.
(e) Hence, the name of the compound is trans-cyclobutane-1, 3-diol.
Step by step solution
IUPAC Nomenclature of diols
The IUPAC nomenclature of diols is similar to alcohols. The suffix diol is used in this name and two numbers are required to tell the hydroxyl group location.
Diol
Alcohols comprising two alcoholic groups are termed glycols or diols. Glycols are used to indicate a vicinal diol or 1,2-diol. These diols comprise two hydroxyl groups on the neighbouring carbon atoms.
IUPAC name for each diol
(a)The longest carbon chain contains nine carbon atoms, so the name of the compound is nonane. There are two methyl groups on the eighth carbon atom and two hydroxyl groups on the second and seventh carbon atom.
The name of the compound is 8,8-dimetyhylnonane-2,7-diol.
Numbering of functional groups in compound A
(b)The longest carbon chain comprises eight carbon atoms, so the name of the compound is octane. There are two hydroxyl groups on the first and eighth carbon atom. Hence, the name of the compound is octane-1,8-diol.
Numbering of functional groups in compound B
(c)The carbon chain is a six-membered cyclic ring with an unsaturation. So the name of the compound is cyclohexene. There are two hydroxyl groups on the first and fourth carbon atom. An unsaturation is present at the second carbon atom.
Hence, the name of the compound is cis-cyclohex-2-ene-1,4-diol.
Numbering of functional groups in compound C
(d)The longest carbon chain comprises seven carbon atoms, so the name of the compound is heptane. There are two hydroxyl groups on the second and fourth carbon atom and one cyclopentyl ring on the third carbon atom.
Hence, the name of the compound is 3-cyclopentylheptane-2,4-diol.
Numbering of functional groups in compound D
(e)The carbon chain comprises a four-membered cyclic ring and the name of the compound is cyclobutane. There are two hydroxyl groups on the first and the third carbon atom. The two hydroxyl groups are on the opposite side of the plane and is given the term trans.
Hence, the name of the compound is trans-cyclobutane-1,3-diol.
Numbering of functional groups in compound E
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