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Chapter 26: Q14P (page 1335)

Kodel® polyester is formed by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with 1,4-di(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane. Draw the structure of Kodel.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Kodel is a polyester fiber formed from 1,4-dihydroxymethylcyclohexane and terephthalic acid. It is used in blended cotton and polyester fabrics. Fabrics made from kodel are stiff and crease-resistant.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

Kodel is a polyester fiber formed from 1,4-dihydroxymethylcyclohexane and terephthalic acid. It is used in blended cotton and polyester fabrics. Fabrics made from kodel are stiff and crease-resistant.

02

Structure

This polymer contains an ester functional group in every repeat. The backbone contains two rings i.e, hexane ring and benzene ring which constrain movements and make the strands less flexible.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the structure of the polyurethane formed by the reaction of toluene diisocyanate

with bisphenol A.

(a) Isobutylene and isoprene coplymerize to give “butyl rubber”. Draw the structure of the repeating unit in butyl rubber, assuming that the two monomers alternate.

(b) Styrene and butadiene copolymerize to form styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for automobile tires. Draw the structure of the repeating unit in SBR, assuming that the two monomers alternate.

Poly (vinyl alcohol), a hydrophilic polymer used in aqueous adhesives, is made by polymerizing vinyl acetate and then hydrolyzing the ester linkages.

(a) Give the structures of poly (vinyl acetate) and poly (vinyl alcohol).

(b) Vinyl acetate is an ester. Is poly (vinyl acetate) therefore a polyester? Explain.

(c) We have seen that basic hydrolysis destroys the Dacron polymer. Poly (vinyl acetate) is converted to poly (vinyl alcohol) by a basic hydrolysis of the ester groups. Why doesn’t the hydrolysis destroy the poly (vinyl alcohol) polymer?

(d) Why is poly (vinyl alcohol) made by this circuitous route? Why not just polymerize vinyl alcohol?

. (a) Draw the structure of gutta-percha, a natural rubber with all its double bonds in the trans configuration.

(b) Suggest why gutta-percha is not very elastic, even after it is vulcanized.

The mechanism given for cationic polymerization of isobutylene (Mechanism 26-2) shows that all the monomer molecules add with the same orientation, giving a polymer with methyl groups on alternate carbon atoms of the chain. Explain why no isobutylene molecules add with the opposite orientation.
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