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Chapter 4: Q18P (page 213)

What would be the product ratio in the chlorination of propane if all the hydrogens were abstracted at equal rates?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Product ratio is3:1

Step by step solution

01

Free radical chlorination of propane

In this mechanism, the first propagation step forms either a primary radical or a secondary radical. This radical determines whether the final product will be the primary alkyl halide or the secondary alkyl halide.

02

Primary and secondary hydrogens in propane.

There are six primary hydrogens (red) and two secondary hydrogens (blue) in propane.

03

Reaction of chlorination of propane

In the chlorination of propane, two products are formed which are 1 - chloropropane and 2 - chloropropane.

04

Product ratio in chlorination of propane

Hence, the product ratio is 3:1 when all the hydrogens were abstracted at equal rates.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When healthy, Earth’s stratosphere contains a low concentration of ozone (O3)that absorbs potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation by the cycle shown at right.

Chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants, such as Freon 12 (CF2Cl2), are stable in the lower atmosphere, but in the stratosphere, they absorb high-energy UV radiation to generate chlorine radicals.

The presence of a small number of chlorine radicals appears to lower ozone concentrations dramatically. The following reactions are all known to be exothermic (except the one requiring light) and to have high-rate constants. Propose two mechanisms to explain how a small number of chlorine radicals can destroy large numbers of ozone molecules. Which of the two mechanisms is more likely when the concentration of chlorine atoms is very small?

Predict the ratios of products that result from chlorination of isopentane.(2-methylbutane)

Acetylacetone (pentane -2, 4-dione)reacts with sodium hydroxide to give water and the sodium salt of a carbanion. Write a complete structural formula for the carbanion, and use resonance forms to show the stabilization of the carbanion.

When ethene is treated in a calorimeter with H2and a Ptcatalyst, the heat of reaction is found to be -137kJ/mol(-32.7kcal/mol), and the reaction goes to completion. When the reaction takes place at 14000K, the equilibrium is found to be evenly balanced, with Keq=1. Compute the value of ΔSfor this reaction.

Question: (a) Propose a mechanism for the free-radical chlorination of ethane.

(b) Calculatefor each step in this reaction

(c) Calculate the overall value offor this reaction.
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