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Chapter 4: Q33P (page 233)

When it is strongly heated, methyl diazoacetate decomposes to give a nitrogen gas and a carbene. Draw a Lewis structure of the carbene.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Carbenes may be defined as a neutral divalent chemical species containing a carbon atom consisting six electrons in their valence shell. Out of six electrons, two electrons are unshared. The simplest carbene is methylene .

Step by step solution

01

Carbenes

Carbenes may be defined as a neutral divalent chemical species containing a carbon atom consisting six electrons in their valence shell. Out of six electrons, two electrons are unshared. The simplest carbene is methylene .

02

Lewis structures

The formation of covalent bond in molecules is shown in an easier way by Lewis structures. The valence electrons are represented by dots in the Lewis structure and one bond is represented as two electrons. In drawing Lewis structures, the atoms are arranged in such a way that all of them have eight valence electrons. The exception is with hydrogen, which can have a maximum of two valence electrons.

03

Decomposition of methyl diazoacetate to nitrogen and carbene

04

Lewis structure of carbene

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: The bromination of methane proceeds through the following steps:

(a) Draw a complete reaction-energy diagram for this reaction.

(b) Label the rate-limiting step.

(c) Draw the structure of each transition state

(d) Compute the overall value of∆H0for the bromination.

When exactly 1 mole of methane is mixed with exactly 1 mole of chlorine and light is shone on the mixture, a chlorination reaction occurs. The products are found to contain substantial amounts of di-, tri-, and tetrachloromethane, as well as unreacted methane.

(a) Explain how a mixture is formed from this stoichiometric mixture of reactants, and propose mechanisms for the formation of these compounds from chloromethane.

(b) How would you run this reaction to get a good conversion of methane toCH3Cl? Of methane to CCl4?

For each compound, predict the major product of free-radical bromination. Remember that bromination is highly selective, and only the most stable radical will be formed.

(a) cyclohexane

(b) methylcyclopentane

(c) decalin

(d) hexane

(e)

(f)

When ethene is treated in a calorimeter with H2and a Ptcatalyst, the heat of reaction is found to be -137kJ/mol(-32.7kcal/mol), and the reaction goes to completion. When the reaction takes place at 14000K, the equilibrium is found to be evenly balanced, with Keq=1. Compute the value of ΔSfor this reaction.

Use the bond-dissociation enthalpies in Table 4-2 (page 203) to calculate the heats of reaction for the two possible first propagation steps in the chlorination of isobutane. Use this information to draw a reaction-energy diagram like Figure 4-8, comparing the activation energies of the two radicals.
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