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Chapter 4: Q8P (page 201)

Question: For each reaction, estimate whether ∆S0for the reaction is positive, negative or impossible to predict.

a.

b.The formation of diacetone alcohol:

c.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

(a)∆S0is positive(∆S0≥0).

(b) ∆S0is negative.(∆S0≤0)

(c) ∆S0cannot be predicted.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Entropy

Entropy may be defined as a measure of randomness, disorder,or freedom of motion.Two smaller molecules (or fragments, such as radicals) have more freedom of motion (greater entropy) than one larger molecule.

Reactions tend to favor products with the greatest entropy. A positive value of entropy change∆S0 implies that the products have more freedom of motion than the reactants.

02

Predicting the sign of∆S0

(a) In this reaction, products have more freedom of motion. So,∆S0has a positive value.

(b) In this reaction, reactants have more freedom of motion. So,∆S0has a negative value.

(c) The value of ∆S0cannot be predicted for this reaction.

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