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Chapter 5: Q13P (page 198)

Question: Which of the following are electrophiles, and which are nucleophiles?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Nucleophiles-

Electrophile

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Electrophiles- 

An electrophile is a species that lacks electrons.

"Electrophile" literally translates to "electron loving" (phile is the Greek suffix for "loving"). An electrophile is someone who seeks out a pair of electrons. Electrophiles are easily identifiable because they have a positive charge, a partial positive charge, or an incomplete octet that can accept electrons.

is an electrophile because it has positive charge.

02

Definition of Nucleophiles-

A nucleophile is an electron-rich species.

A nucleophile is a non-hydrogen atom that bonds to an electron donor (having an electron pair available for bonding). A base is a hydrogen-bonding electron donor. The alterations that occur when bases or nucleophiles interact are extensive and diverse.

The following compounds are nucleophiles because they have a pair of electrons to share-

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw curved arrows to show the flow of electrons responsible for the conversion of the reactants to products

In a reaction in which reactant A is in equilibrium with product B at

25 °C, what relative amounts of A and B are present at equilibrium if ΔG° at 25 °C is

a. 2.72 kcal/mol?

b. 0.65 kcal/mol?

c. -2.72 kcal/mol?

d. -0.65 kcal/mol?

Question: a. How many vinylic hydrogens does cyclopentene have?

b. How many allylic hydrogens does it have?

Question: a. Which of the monosubstituted cyclohexanes in Table 3.9 on p. 128 has a negative ∆G° for the conversion of an axial-substituted chair conformer to an equatorial-substituted chair conformer?

b.Which monosubstituted cyclohexane has the most negative ∆G° for this conversion?

c. Which monosubstituted cyclohexane has the greatest preference for an equatorial position?

d. Calculate ∆G° for the conversion of “axial” methylcyclohexane to “equatorial” methylcyclohexane at 25 °C.

What is the molecular formula for each of the following?

  1. a 4-carbon hydrocarbon with two p bonds and no rings
  2. a 10-carbon hydrocarbon with one p bond and 2 rings
See all solutions

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