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Chapter 5: Q5TP (page 228)

Draw curved arrows to show the movement of the electrons that result in formation of the given product(s).

Short Answer

Expert verified

• As new covalent bonds are formed and existing covalent bonds are destroyed, electrons move in curved arrows.

• Each arrow represents the movement of two electrons (an electron pair) from a single atom to an electrophile (nucleophile) at the end of the arrow (at the point of the arrow).

• The arrow's tail denotes the location of the reactant's electrons; the tail always starts at a lone pair or a bond.

• The arrow's head always points to an atom or a bond, indicating where these same electrons end up in the result.

Step by step solution

01

The first step is to use a curved arrow.

• As new covalent bonds are formed and existing covalent bonds are destroyed, electrons move in curved arrows.

• Each arrow represents the movement of two electrons (an electron pair) from a single atom to an electrophile (nucleophile) at the end of the arrow (at the point of the arrow).

• The arrow's tail denotes the location of the reactant's electrons; the tail always starts at a lone pair or a bond.

• The arrow's head always points to an atom or a bond, indicating where these same electrons end up in the result.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: a. Which of the monosubstituted cyclohexanes in Table 3.9 on p. 128 has a negative ∆G° for the conversion of an axial-substituted chair conformer to an equatorial-substituted chair conformer?

b.Which monosubstituted cyclohexane has the most negative ∆G° for this conversion?

c. Which monosubstituted cyclohexane has the greatest preference for an equatorial position?

d. Calculate ∆G° for the conversion of “axial” methylcyclohexane to “equatorial” methylcyclohexane at 25 °C.

What is each compound’s systematic name?

a. Which is the most stable: 3,4-dimethyl-2-hexene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-hexene, or 4,5-dimethyl-2-hexene?

b. Which compound has the largest heat of hydrogenation?

c. Which compound has the smallest heat of hydrogenation?

Squalene, a hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C30H50, is obtained from shark liver. (Squalus is Latin for “shark.”) If squalene is an acyclic compound, how many π bonds does it have?

a. For a reaction with ∆H° = -12 kcal/mol and ∆S° = 0.01kcal mol-1 K-1, calculate the ∆G° and the equilibrium constant at: 1. 30 °C and 2. 150 °C.

b. How does ∆G° change as T increases?

c. How does Keq change as T increases?
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