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Chapter 3: Q16P (page 101)

How many hydrogens are attached to each of the indicated carbons in morphine?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 1 (e) 0 (f) 0 (g) 1 (h) 0 (i) 1 (j) 0

Step by step solution

01

(a) Number of bonds of carbon atoms

Because none of the carbon atoms in the complex have a charge, they must be connected to four other atoms.

02

(b) Number of hydrogens for one visible bond

If only one bond is visible, the carbon atom must be joined to three hydrogens that are not visible, as in the case of (a).

03

(c) Number of hydrogens for two visible bonds

If two bonds are visible, the carbon atom must be attached to two hydrogens that are not visible as in the case of (b).

04

(d) Number of hydrogens for three visible bonds

If three bonds are visible, the carbon atom must be attached to one hydrogen that are not visible as in the case of (c), (d), (g) and (i).

05

(e) Number of hydrogens for four visible bonds

If four bonds are visible, the carbon atom is not attached to any hydrogen as in the case of (e), (h) and (j).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following conformers has the highest energy (is the least stable)?

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

  1. 4-bromo-3-pentanol
  2. 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethylheptane
  3. 5-methylcyclohexanol
  4. 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanol
  5. 5-(2,2-dimethylethyl)nonane
  6. Isopentyl Bromide
  7. 3,3-dichlorooctane
  8. 5-ethyl-2-methylhexane
  9. 1-bromo-4-pentanol
  10. 3-isopropyloctane
  11. 2-methyl-2-isopropylheptane

l. 2-methyl-N, N-dimethyl-4-hexanamine

Write condensed and skeletal structures for all the tertiary alcohols with molecular formula C6H14O and give each a systematic name.
  1. Draw all the staggered and eclipsed conformers that result from rotation about the C-2_ C-3bond of pentane.
  2. Draw a potential-energy diagram for rotation about the C-2_C-3bond of pentane through 3600, starting with the least stable conformer.

a. How many primary carbons does each of the following compounds have?

b. How many secondary carbons does each one have?

c. How many tertiary carbons does each one have?
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