Chapter 8: 8-1 TP (page 381)
Draw the resonance contributors for the following carbocation
Chapter 8: 8-1 TP (page 381)
Draw the resonance contributors for the following carbocation
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Get started for freeAnswer the following questions for the molecular orbitals (MOs) of 1,3,5,7-octatetraene:
a. How many MOs does the compound have?
b. Which are the bonding MOs, and which are the antibonding MOs?
c. Which MOs are symmetric, and which are antisymmetric?
d. Which MO is the HOMO and which is the LUMO in the ground state?
e. Which MO is the HOMO and which is the LUMO in the excited state?
f. What is the relationship between HOMO and LUMO and symmetric and antisymmetric orbitals?
g. How many nodes does the highest-energy MO of 1,3,5,7-octatetraene have between the nuclei?
The experiment shown next and discussed in Section 8.13 shows that the proximity of the chloride ion to C−2 in the transition state causes the 1,2−addition product to be formed faster than the 1,4−addition product.
a. Why was it important for the investigators to know that the preceding reaction was being carried out under kinetic control?
b. How could the investigators know that the reaction was being carried out under kinetic control?
Draw resonance contributors for the following ions:
Refer to the electrostatic potential maps on p. 368 to answer the following questions:
a. Why is the bottom part of the electrostatic potential map of pyrrole blue?
b. Why is the bottom part of the electrostatic potential map of pyridine red?
c. Why is the center of the electrostatic potential map of benzene more red than the center of the electrostatic
potential map of pyridine?
Following the instructions for drawing the energy levels of the molecular orbitals for the compounds shown in Figure 8.17, draw the energy levels of the molecular orbitals for the cycloheptatrienyl cation, thecycloheptatrienyl anion, and the cyclopropenyl cation. For each compound, show the distribution of the π electrons. Which of the compounds are aromatic?
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