Describe two synthetic routes for the preparation of p-methoxyaniline from benzene.

The benzene reacts with the bromine in to produce the bromobenzene. The nitration of benzene can be carried out by using the reagents and . These reactions constitute the examples of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

In the first method, the benzene reacts with Br2 and FeBr3to form the bromobenzene. This further reacts with HNO3 and H2SO4 to form 1-bromo-4-nitrobenzene. This reacts with CH3O and heat to form 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene.

This further reactswith H2 in the presence of the Pd catalyst to form 4-methoxyaniline. The reaction is shown below.

First method to prepare p-methoxyaniline from benzene

In the second method, the benzene reacts with HNO3 and H2SO4 to form the nitrobenzene. This further reacts with in the presence of a palladium catalyst to form the aniline. It further reacts with HCl and NANO2 at zero degrees Celsius to form the benzene diazonium chloride. This reacts with methanol, HCl, and heat to form the anisole.

This reacts with HNO3 and H2SO4 to form 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene. This reacts with H2 in the presence of a Pd catalyst to form 4-methoxyaniline. The reaction is shown below.

Second method to prepare p-methoxyaniline from ben