What are the products of the following reactions?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(i)

(j)

Step by step solution

01

Reaction of Compound a,b,c

Compound a reaction:

The reaction of the acyl chloride with the potassium fluoride leads to the formation of the acyl fluoride by the removal of potassium chloride as shown below:

Compound b reaction:

The reaction of the cyclopentanone on reaction with the water in presence of water leads to the ring opening by breaking the bond. On the addition of the hydroxyl group of the water to the carbonyl carbon and forming the carboxylic acid named pentanoic acid.

Compound c reaction:

When carboxylic acid reacts with thionyl chloride production of acyl chloride occurs by replacinga hydroxyl group from chloride ion further on reaction with amine amide formation occur as shown below:

02

Reaction of Compound d,e,f

Compound d reaction:

The reaction of acetic anhydride in presence of water form the di-substituted acid by the attack of water molecule the hydroxyl addition takes place to the carbonyl carbon and the cyclic anhydride opens as di- substituted acid as shown below:

Compound e reaction:

The given reaction leads to the removal of two equivalent of the HCl so that the cyclic anhydride is formed on the benzene ring as shown:

Compound f reaction:

The reaction of cyclic acetic anhydride in presence of water form the di-substituted acid by the attack of water molecule the hydroxyl addition takes place to the carbonyl carbon and the cyclic anhydride open as di- substituted acid but when excess water is present one terminal acid leads to form the alcohol on reduction as shown below:

03

Reaction of Compound g,h,i,j

Compound g reaction:

The reaction of acetic anhydride with the excess alcohol formation of the carboxylic acid and ether occurred by breaking of carbonyl carbon and anhydride oxygen as shown below:

Compound h reaction:

The reaction of 1,2-benzoic acid with acetic anhydride leads to the loss of water from carboxylic acid leading to the cyclization from the oxygen of the carboxylic acid formation of cyclic anhydride occurs as shown below:

Compound i reaction:

The reactionof the given reactant with the excess ammonia leads to the breaking the cyclic anhydride ring and amine group attached to the carbonyl carbon as shown below:

Compound j reaction:

The reaction of the given reactant with the excess of alcohol leads to breaking the cyclic anhydride ring between the carbonyl carbon and the anhydride oxygen formation of ester as the attack of -OCH3 alcohol occur by abstraction of proton that is an attack of and ester formed as shown below:

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Is the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetamide a reversible or an irreversible reaction? Explain.

Question: Draw a structure for each of the following:

a. N,N-dimethylhexanamide

b. 3,3-dimethylhexanamide

c. Cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride

d. Propanenitrile

e. propionamide

f. sodium acetate

g. benzoic anhydride

h. b-valerolactone

i. 3-methylbutanenitrile

j. cycloheptanecarboxylic acid

k. benzoyl chloride

Name the following:

How could you synthesize the following compounds starting with a carboxylic acid?

Information about the mechanism of the reaction undergone by a series of substituted benzenes can be obtained by plotting logarithm of the observed rate constant determined at particular pH against the Hammett substituent constantσ for the particular substituent. The σvalue for hydrogen is zero. Electron-donating substituents have negativeσ values; the more strongly electron withdrawing the substituent, the more positiveits s value. The slope of a plot of the logarithm of the rate constant σversusis called theρ (rho) value. The ρvalue for the hydroxide-ion-promoted hydrolysis of a series of meta- and para-substituted ethyl

benzoates is +2.46; theρ value for amide formation for the reaction of a series of meta- and para-substituted anilines with benzoyl chloride is -2.78.

  1. Why doesone set of experiments give a positive role="math" localid="1652525783964" ρvalue, whereas the other set of experiments gives a negativeρ value?
  2. Why were ortho-substituted compounds not included in the experiment?
  3. What do you predict the sign of theρ value to be for the ionization of a series of meta- and para-substituted benzoic acids?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free