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Chapter 9: Q10P (page 402)

Indicate whether each of the following solvents is protic or aprotic:

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. Chloroform is an aprotic solvent.
  2. Diethyl ether is an aprotic solvent.
  3. Acetic acid is a protic solvent.
  4. Hexane is an aprotic solvent.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of polar protic and polar aprotic solvent

Polar aprotic solvent: The polar solvent molecules do not have a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen or to a nitrogen—the direct relationship between basicity and nucleophilicity is maintained.

protic polar solvent—The polar solvent molecules have a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen or to a nitrogen—the relationship between basicity and nucleophilicity becomes inverted.

02

Explanation

  1. Chloroform (CHCl3) doesn’t have any O or N atom to form H bonding with its lone pair. So, it is an aprotic solvent.
  2. Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) has H linked with O to form H bonding So, it is aprotic solvent.
  3. CH3COOH has H atom linked to an O atom. So, it is protic solvent.

d. Hexane doesn’t have any O or N atoms and also doesn’t have any H attached to them.So, it is an aprotic solvent.

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