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Chapter 9: Q131P (page 457)

The reaction of chloromethane with hydroxide ion at 30°C has a ΔG° value of -21.7 kcal/mol. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Here we have to find the equilibrium constant ofreaction of chloromethane with hydroxide ion at 30°C has a ΔG° value of -21.7 kcal/mol:

Step by step solution

01

Reaction

This is SN2 reaction.

02

How SN2 reaction proceed

1. It is one step reaction.

2. In this nucleophile attacks the back side of the carbon.

3. In this one intermediate stage is formed.

4. In intermediate stage one group is leaving group and one group is attacking group.

5. In this inversion of reaction takes place.

03

Final answer

This highly exergonic reaction has large equilibrium constant.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a. Identify the substitution products that form when 2-bromo-2-methylpropane is dissolved in a mixture of 80% ethanol and 20% water.

b. Explain why the same products are obtained when 2-chloro-2-methylpropane is dissolved in a mixture of 80% ethanol and 20% water.

Alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride is a leave-on skin antiseptic used to treat such things as cuts and cold sores. It is also the antiseptic in many hand sanitizers. It is actually a mixture of compounds that differ in the number of carbons (any even number between 8 and 18) in the alkyl group. Show three different sets of reagents (each set composed of an alkyl chloride and an amine) that can be used to synthesize the alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride shown here.

a. Explain why the reaction of an alkyl halide with ammonia gives a low yield of primary amine.

b. Explain why a much better yield of primary amine is obtained from the reaction of an alkyl halide with an azide ion (-N3), followed by catalytic hydrogenation. (Hint: An alkyl azide is not nucleophilic.)

Which of following ethers cannot be made by a Williamson ether synthesis?

Which reaction in each of the following pairs takes place more rapidly?
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