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Chapter 19: Q19-7P (page 616)

When dissolved in water, trichloroacetaldehyde exists primarily as its hydrate, called chloral hydrate. Show the structure of chloral hydrate.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Nucleophile addition Reactions are shown by a carbonyl group, e.g., aldehyde and ketone have a carbonyl group.

Nucleophiles attack the carbonyl carbon, which is having partially positive charge due to the shift of electron density toward a more electronegative oxygen atom.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:Nucleophile addition Reaction 

Nucleophile addition Reactions are shown by a carbonyl group, e.g., aldehyde and ketone have a carbonyl group.

Nucleophiles attack the carbonyl carbon, which is having partially positive charge due to the shift of electron density toward a more electronegative oxygen atom.

02

Step 2:Structure of Chloral hydrate formed

Trichloroacetaldehyde reacts with water; the neutral nucleophile (H2O)adds to the carbonyl group to give an alkoxide ion intermediate, which is subsequently protonated by taking the hydrogen ion (H+)from the water acting as the nucleophile to form the chloral hydrate.

The formation and the structure of chloral hydrate are shown as follows:

Structure of Chloral hydrate

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