Question:Predict the major product(s) of the following reactions:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Friedel craft Alkylation is an organic reaction refers to the replacement of an aromatic proton with an alkyl group.This is done through an electrophilic attack on the aromatic ring with the help of a carbocation. The Friedel-Craft alkylation reaction is also known as a method of generating alkyl benzenes by using alkyl halides as reactants.

(a) Treatment of chlorobenzene with ethyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acid and catalyst gives 1-chloro-4-ethyl-benzene. The reaction is known as Friedel-Crafts alkylation.

Friedel crafts acylation is the reaction of an arene with acyl chlorides or anhydrides using a strong Lewis acid catalyst. This reaction proceeds via electrophilic aromatic substitution to form monoacylated products.

(b) In the given reaction, treatment of 1,1'-oxydibenzene with acetyl chloride in the presence of Lewis acid and catalyst gives ortho and para substituted compounds as the major products.

1,1'-oxydibenzeneortho and para substituted compounds as a major products

Nitration is a chemical process for the addition or introduction of nitro group into an organic compound.

(c) Nitration of benzoic acid gives 3-nitrobenzoic acid as a major product, which is also known as meta-nitrobenzoic acid.

Benzoic acid meta-nitrobenzoic acid.

Sulfonation is the reversible reaction that produces benzenesulfonic acid by adding Sulphur trioxide and fuming sulphuric acid.

(d) Treatment of N, N-diethylaniline with Sulphur trioxide in the presence of fuming sulphuric acid process ortho and para directing compounds as major products.

N,N-diethylanilineortho and para substituted compounds as a major products