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Chapter 1: Q18E (page 27)

Question: Convert each of the following molecular models into a skeletal structure, and give the formula of each. Only the connections between atoms

are shown; multiple bonds are not indicated (gray 5 C, red 5 O, blue 5 N, ivory 5 H).

(a)

(b)

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

a

b

Step by step solution

01

Drawing chemical structures

Skeletal structures can be drawn more easily than the condensed structures. Carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms connected to carbon are not indicated in these structures. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown in these structures.

02

Converting molecular models into skeletal structures  

(a) There are three carbon atoms in the straight chain, one nitrogen atom, two oxygen atoms and seven hydrogen atom. The three dimensional structure can be given as:

Skeletal structure of alanine

(b) There are five carbon atoms in the cyclic ring, ten hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom. Outside of the ring, there are three carbon atoms and seven hydrogen atoms. The three dimensional structure can be represented as:

Skeletal structure of coniine

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw structures for the following molecules, showing lone pairs:

(a) Acrylonitrile, C3H3N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-nitrogen triple bond

(b) Ethyl methyl ether,C3H8O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbons

(c) Butane, C4H10, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms

(d) Cyclohexene,C6H10, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond

Divalent carbon species called carbenes are capable of fleeting existence. For example, methylene, :CH2, is the simplest carbene. The two unshared electrons in methylene can be either paired in a single orbital or unpaired in different orbitals. Predict the type of hybridization you expect carbon to adopt in singlet (spin-paired) methylene and triplet (spin-unpaired) methylene. Draw a picture of each, and identify the valence orbitals on carbon.

Why do you suppose no one has ever been able to make cyclopentyne as a stable molecule?

cyclopentyne

Question: Draw a line-bond structure for 1, 3-butadiene H2C=CH-CH=CH2. Indicate the hybridization of the orbitals on each carbon, and predict the value of each bond angle.

There are three different substances that contain a carbon–carbon double bond and have the formula C4H8. Draw them, and tell how they differ.
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