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Chapter 1: Problem 37

The weight of an empty china dish is \(39 \mathrm{~g}\) and when a saturated solution of potassium nitrate is poured into it, its weight is \(108 \mathrm{~g}\) at \(50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). After evaporating the solution to dryness, if the weight of the dish along with the crystals is \(72 \mathrm{~g}\) then the solubility of potassium nitrate at \(50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is (a) \(83.9\) (b) \(95.6\) (c) \(91.6\) (d) \(87.4\)

Short Answer

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Step by step solution

01

1. Calculate the weights of the saturated solution and the crystals

First, we need to find the weights of the saturated solution and the crystals formed after evaporating the solution. We will start by finding the weight of the saturated solution poured (total weight minus empty dish weight), and then, the weight of the potassium nitrate crystals by subtracting the weight of the dish with crystals from the weight of the empty dish. Weight of saturated solution = Weight of dish with solution - Weight of empty dish Weight of potassium nitrate crystals = Weight of dish with crystals - Weight of empty dish
02

2. Calculate the weight of the water in the saturated solution

Next, we will calculate the weight of the water present in the saturated solution. To do this, we will subtract the weight of the potassium nitrate crystals from the weight of the saturated solution. Weight of water in saturated solution = Weight of saturated solution - Weight of potassium nitrate crystals
03

3. Calculate the solubility of potassium nitrate

Lastly, we will use the weights of the potassium nitrate crystals and the water in the saturated solution to calculate the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50 degrees Celsius. Solubility is expressed in terms of grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent. Solubility of potassium nitrate (in grams per 100 grams of water) = (Weight of potassium nitrate crystals / Weight of water in saturated solution) × 100

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