For each of the questions, four choices have been provided. Select the correct alternative. (1) The probability of finding an electron is maximum at certain places in space. (2) Energy change takes place only during excitation or deexcitation of electrons. (3) Electron has both particle and wave nature. (4) Angular momentum of the electrons revolving in different elliptical orbits is quantized. Arrange the above statements of different models or principles in the chronological order, which ultimately led to the development of modern structure of the atom. (a) \(1,2,3,4\) (b) \(2,4,3,1\) (c) \(4,3,2,1\) (d) \(2,3,1,4\)

First, let's identify the main concepts in each of the given statements: (1) Probability of finding an electron: This is related to the electron cloud model and the probability distribution of electron's position in an atom, which is a component of quantum mechanics. (2) Energy change during excitation or deexcitation: This refers to Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, in which electrons move between discrete energy levels. (3) Electron has both particle and wave nature: This refers to the wave-particle duality of electrons, discovered by Louis de Broglie. (4) Angular momentum of electrons is quantized: This is also part of Bohr's model, where the angular momentum of electrons in orbits around the nucleus is quantized.

Now, we need to arrange these concepts in the order of their historical development: - Bohr's model: Statements (2) and (4) are related to Bohr's model which was introduced in 1913. - Wave-particle duality: Statement (3) refers to the wave-particle duality of electrons, which was introduced by Louis de Broglie in 1924. - Quantum mechanics and electron cloud model: Statement (1) pertains to the probability distribution of electrons in the electron cloud model, which is based on the principles of quantum mechanics and was developed in the 1920s. Therefore, the correct chronological order is: (2), (4), (3), and (1).

According to our analysis, the correct order is (2), (4), (3), and (1). Thus, the correct option is (b) \(2, 4, 3, 1\).