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Chapter 5: Problem 24

For each of the questions, four choices have been provided. Select the correct alternative. Which of the following bonds is more polar when compared to others? (a) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}\) (d) \(\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{H}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The most polar bond among the options provided is the (a) O-H bond.

Step by step solution

01

Recall the electronegativity values of the elements given

Electronegativity values are not equal for all elements. In this exercise, we are working with hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N). The respective electronegativities of these elements are (in the Pauling scale): - Hydrogen (H): 2.20 - Oxygen (O): 3.44 - Nitrogen (N): 3.04 - Carbon (C): 2.55
02

Compute the difference in electronegativity for each bond

Calculate the absolute value of the difference in electronegativity for each bond. This will give us the polarity for each bond. The larger the difference, the more polar the bond is. (a) O-H bond: |3.44 - 2.20| = 1.24 (b) N-H bond: |3.04 - 2.20| = 0.84 (c) C-H bond: |2.55 - 2.20| = 0.35 (d) H-H bond: |2.20 - 2.20| = 0
03

Identify the bond with the largest difference in electronegativity

From the calculated values in step 2, we see that the O-H bond has the largest difference in electronegativity (1.24). Therefore, it is the most polar bond among the options provided.
04

Answer the question

Since the O-H bond has the largest difference in electronegativity values, the correct choice is (a) O-H bond.

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