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Chapter 14: Problem 4

In the phase diagram of a one-component system, which of the following statements is correct? (a) eutectic point (b) congruent point (c) triple point (d) critical point

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is: Triple Point, as it's the unique set of conditions at which all three phases of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium, which fits the description of points in a phase diagram of a one-component system.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Eutectic Point

A eutectic point in a phase diagram is the point that represents the lowest possible melting point for a mixture. However, it is typically a term used in multi-component systems, not a single component system.
02

Understanding Congruent Point

A congruent point in a phase diagram is the point where a solid phase changes directly into a vapor without passing through a liquid phase. But this term is not usually used in phase diagrams of a one-component system.
03

Understanding Triple Point

The triple point in a phase diagram is the unique set of conditions at which all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. This term is indeed used in one-component systems.
04

Understanding Critical Point

The critical point is the point at which the liquid and gaseous phases of a substance become indistinguishable from one another. They merge into a single phase referred to as supercritical. However, this does not correspond to the definitions provided in this exercise.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The number of phases of a mixture of four gases enclosed in a container are (a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0

Lowest temperature is reached by using (a) \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) Acetone \(+\) dry ice (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\) (d) Ether + dry ice

A compound with an incongruent melting point decomposes on heating into (a) a liquid of the same composition as solid (b) a new solid phase and a solution with a composition different from that of the solid phase (c) a new solid phase and a solution with the same composition as that of the solid phase (d) a solution of fixed composition.

In the phase diagram of a one-component system, which of the following statements is correct? (a) The melting point of the solid increases with increases of pressure. (b) The solid can be in equilibrium with the vapour only at a temperature on or below the triple point. (c) The solid, if heated at 1 atm, will sublime. (d) The three lines meet at the critical point.

In terms of number of phases ( \(P\) ), components (C) and degrees of freedom (F), the phase rule is expressed as (a) \(P+C=F+2\) (b) \(F=P+C-2\) (c) \(P+F=C+2\) (d) \(P-F=C+2\)
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